Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn tiếng Anh năm 2026 - Mã đề 1131, thi ngày 12/06/2026.
TAK12 cung cấp giải thích đáp án chi tiết và chỉ dẫn các chủ điểm kiến thức liên quan - Đang mở MIỄN PHÍ.
Read the following advertisement and choose the best answer for each blank.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
For decades, students have been convinced that academic success is largely dependent upon meticulous notetaking. What has changed in recent years is not the importance of the practice but the tools used to perform it. The keyboard has subtly supplanted the pen, and with it, the nature of how information is recorded during a lecture has shifted unbeknownst to students.
Researchers in cognitive psychology have begun to examine what this change has cost learners. In a series of comparative studies, students taking notes by hand consistently outperformed those using laptops on questions that demanded conceptual understanding, even when both groups had access to the same material. The reason, according to the researchers, lies less in the technology itself than in what each method asks of the brain. Typing rewards speed; handwriting forces selection.
The act of writing by hand is slower, and that slowness appears to be its hidden virtue. Unable to capture every word, students are obliged to listen, decide what matters and condense ideas into their own phrasing. This continuous filtering, referred to as encoding by psychologists, turns out to be instrumental in aiding long-term recall. One lecturer summarised the striking contrast after reviewing her students’ work: the laptops, she said, had produced transcripts, while the notebooks had produced understanding.
It would be misleading, of course, to claim that handwriting is inherently superior or that all keyboards undermine learning. Hard-working typists can summarise, while indolent writers can drift. What the research highlights is not a conclusion on devices but a question about effort: which tool, in a given context, asks more of the learner. As a ban on students’ use of laptops in classrooms remains a bone of contention among tertiary institutions, the deeper challenge may be helping students recognise that what feels easier in the moment is not always what serves them best afterwards.
(Adapted from https://www.brookings.edu)
In paragraph 1, the writer is _____.
challenging a long-held assumption about academic success
questioning the significance of notetaking in education
promoting the use of technology in recording lectures
introducing a recent change in the way students take notes
The word "those" in paragraph 2 refers to _____.
studies
students
notes
researchers
Which of the following best paraphrases the bold sentence in paragraph 2?
The difference in student performance is attributable to the modern technology instead of the mental work that each method of notetaking requires.
Regardless of the method of notetaking, the effects on the brain exhibit little difference as long as technology is involved in student performance.
What explains the difference in student performance is the mental work that each method of notetaking demands, rather than the technology.
The modern device, along with the mental requirements of each method for the brain, is responsible for the difference in student performance.
The word "instrumental" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____.
trivial
specific
dramatic
central
The word "indolent" in paragraph 4 is CLOSEST in meaning to _____.
lazy
active
careful
serious
Which of the following statements would the writer NOT agree with?
Universities generally approve of prohibiting laptop use in classrooms.
The slow speed of writing by hand turns out to be an advantage over typing.
Students are unaware of the change in notetaking methods in class.
Handwritten and typed notes led to varied degrees of conceptual understanding.
In which paragraph does the writer mention a cognitive process?
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 4
In which paragraph does the writer warn against an overgeneralisation?
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 2
Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
Environmental services, even when they arise without any human labour, are by no means cost-free. Every cost should be understood in terms of opportunity cost. For environmental services, the opportunity cost amounts to the net gain relinquished because the resources are no longer available for their second-best application. Whenever a resource has alternative uses, it cannot legitimately be deemed free.
For instance, a section of river might serve as a site used for either white-water canoeing or hydroelectric generation. Constructing a dam to produce electricity would flood the rapids, so this makes white-water canoeing here out of the question. The opportunity cost of preserving the river for canoeing equals the net benefit of the electricity that would otherwise have been produced, once the expenses of generation and distribution have been subtracted. By the same token, the opportunity cost of erecting the dam involves everything the river in its natural state would have provided – leisure activities, wildlife, scenic beauty, and whatever worth future generations might attach to experiencing the rapids.
This understanding carries considerable weight for planning development. [I] Numerous decisions initially appearing to be cost-free moves in favour of growth prove, when examined carefully, to be against something else. [II] Clearing a forest to make way for crops is hardly without cost; it is paid for through losses in carbon storage, biological diversity, and all the functions the forest once performed unnoticed. [III] Channelling a river for irrigation has its price – namely, whatever the river was doing before its course was altered. [IV] Even leaving a swathe of land alone exacts a cost, since the earnings that intensive exploitation might have produced are equally sacrificed.
From this perspective, economic development can never be reduced to whether a project delivers a positive return. Rather, what must be asked is whether that return outweighs the value of sacrifices. Policies considering this – by pricing scarce environmental services, or obliging those in charge to consider both sides – are not against development. What they demand is that development should be worth its true cost. The danger lies not in counting too much, but in counting too little.
(Adapted from Environmental Economics and Policy)
The word "relinquished" in paragraph 1 is CLOSEST in meaning to _____.
made up
given up
ended up
filled up
According to paragraph 1, the costs of environmental services are _____.
existent even in the absence of human involvement
included in the market value of natural resources
determined by financial investment in natural resources
minimal because these services are nearly labour-free
Which of the following is NOT implied in paragraph 2?
The intrinsic value of the river is not confined to generating hydroelectricity only.
Intangible benefits also constitute the opportunity cost of the dam construction.
It is impossible to exploit one stretch of river for both hydroelectric generation and white-water canoeing.
The strains on the ecosystem of the river imposed by recreational activities and power generation are similar.
Where in paragraph 3 does the following sentence best fit?
"Such hidden costs only come to light when one stops to think about the roles nature itself is quietly playing."
[I]
[II]
[III]
[IV]
Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
Ecological preservation exerts negligible influence on economic development.
Economic benefits should never take precedence over forest and river preservation.
Apparently harmless developments actually come at an underlying price.
Untouched and cultivated lands both produce benefits in the long term.
The word "they" in paragraph 4 refers to _____.
sacrifices
policies
services
sides
What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 4?
Both excessive caution and complete ignorance regarding environmental costs cause permanent damage.
Due consideration for opportunity costs is crucial for the genuine success of development.
Putting a price on environmental services is aimed at slowing down economic projects.
Initiatives are required by law to deduct the hidden costs before claiming to have a positive return.
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
Keeping land intact is free of opportunity cost as there is no resource consumption.
Cost-free resources can be put to alternative uses as long as this is legally permitted.
The positive return of every economic development must be worth what is sacrificed.
Assigning a specific price tag to a resource is a prerequisite for calculating opportunity costs.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
The scale of economic development inevitably suffers from strict regulations on environmental services.
Decisions that overlook environmental opportunity costs risk overestimating the net gains they produce.
The value of preserved environmental services far outweighs the benefits of industrial development.
Projects are mandated to make up for the economic losses in return for environmental preservation.
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
Sustainable Development: A Pipe Dream
Environment: A Tower of Strength
Development: Factoring in Sacrifices
Natural Preservation: Ushering in a New Era
Choose the best way to rearrange the following sentences in order to make a meaningful conversation.
a. Diner: Excuse me, I've been waiting so long for my order.
b. Diner: Thanks for your help.
c. Waiter: I'm sorry! I'll check with the kitchen and get back to you immediately.
a – b – c
c – b – a
a – c – b
b – c – a
Choose the best way to rearrange the following sentences in order to make a meaningful letter.
Dear Ms Hoang,
a. A payment of $5,000 will be released in the beginning, and the remaining balance after the submission of your mid-term report.
b. Failure to respond by the stated date will result in the offer being granted to the next qualified candidate.
c. We are delighted to inform you that you have been awarded the Young Researcher Grant.
d. To confirm your acceptance, please sign the attached form and submit it by 31 August.
e. The funding is intended to support your fieldwork and must not be used for equipment purchases without prior approval.
Yours sincerely,
c – a – b – e – d
c – e – a – d – b
c – b – e – d – a
c – a – b – d – e
Choose the best way to rearrange the following sentences in order to make a meaningful conversation.
a. Customer: What if I don't keep the original packaging?
b. Customer: Great. I'll bring the item and receipt tomorrow.
c. Customer: I'd like to exchange the electric fan I bought yesterday.
d. Manager: Sold items can be exchanged within five days, but we don't give refunds.
e. Manager: No problem, only your receipt is needed.
c – d – a – e – b
a – d – c – e – b
a – e – c – d – b
c – e – a – d – b
Choose the best way to rearrange the following sentences in order to make a meaningful paragraph.
a. Inhabitants of coastal regions housing large-scale facilities have reported that the low hum of the constant rotation impairs their sleep quality.
b. Nevertheless, the argument for transitioning is not entirely convincing when the implications for residents in the immediate vicinity are taken into account.
c. With the infrastructure in place, operational expenditures of wind mills are substantially lower than those of coal or gas facilities.
d. Wind power has been promoted as a notably clean and economically viable substitute for fossil fuels.
e. Progress on a country's renewable targets necessitates balancing each proposed initiative against the burdens imposed upon local populations.
d – c – b – a – e
e – b – a – c – d
a – d – c – e – b
c – e – d – b – a
Choose the best way to rearrange the following sentences in order to make a meaningful paragraph.
a. Initial results were impressive, as villagers reported broadband speeds comparable to city standards with significantly improved reliability.
b. For years, the isolated villages of central Marsh County struggled with unreliable copper cables that could not handle increasing bandwidth demands.
c. Consequently, the local council, partnering with two providers, committed to laying fibre optic cables to every household within a year.
d. To minimise disruption, cables were placed along existing verges, while community halls served as temporary installation hubs.
e. Encouraged by the villagers' satisfaction, neighbouring counties have requested guidance on adopting the model for their remote villages.
a – e – d – b – c
d – a – e – c – b
b – c – d – a – e
e – b – a – c – d
Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each blank.
Money has many ironies, and here is an important one: wealth is what you do not see. On spotting a Ferrari driving around, (1)_____. In reality, however, many drivers of expensive cars turn out to be only mediocre successes who spend a huge percentage of their paycheck on a vehicle. Someone driving a hundred-thousand-dollar car might indeed be wealthy. Yet the only firm data point you have about their wealth is that they have a hundred thousand dollars less than they did before they bought the car or a hundred thousand dollars more in debt. (2)_____.
We tend to judge wealth by what we see (3)_____. We cannot peer into people's bank accounts or brokerage statements, so we rely on outward appearances to gauge financial success: cars, houses, photographs on social media. Modern capitalism has turned helping people fake it until they make it into a cherished industry. (4)_____. Wealth hides in the nice car not purchased, the diamonds left in the shop and the first-class upgrade declined. Wealth is the financial assets that have not yet been converted into the stuff you see.
Hence, we should be careful (5)_____. It is more than mere semantics; not knowing the difference is the source of countless poor money decisions.
(Adapted from Psychology of Money)
Choose the phrase or sentence that best fits (1).
the car might be assumed to be owned by a rich person
people might assume you must be the rich owner of the car
you might be assumed to be the rich owner of the car
you might assume that the owner of the car must be rich
Choose the phrase or sentence that best fits (2).
That is all you know about them
You know what they are all about
What you know is about them all
All that you know is about them
Choose the phrase or sentence that best fits (3).
rather than by external clues as the only information we have to work with
other than external clues as the information that we only have to work with
unless we only have external clues as the information to work with
because external clues are the only information we have to work with
Choose the phrase or sentence that best fits (4).
Authentic wealth, as a consequence, secretly exists by remaining truthful
Authentic wealth, similarly, keeps its existence by secretly remaining truthful
However, the truth remains that authentic wealth keeps its existence a secret
Likewise, the truth is that the existence of authentic wealth remains a secret
Choose the phrase or sentence that best fits (5).
being wealthy is distinguishing itself from being rich
to distinguish between being wealthy and being rich
for being wealthy to be distinguished from being rich
being wealthy and being rich distinguish themselves
Read the following leaflet and choose the best answer for each blank.
GREEN HANDS CAMPAIGN
The School Youth Union is officially launching the “Green Hands” eco-friendly campaign. We invite every student to participate in this vital project. If everyone together, we will make a difference at our school.
The primary goal is to expand students’ of plastic pollution. To achieve this, the school will have colour-coded bins in the schoolyard. Also, waste-disposal workshops will be held to teach students to out plastics properly. These sessions ensure resources are reused effectively.
We aim to sustainable habits through consistent daily activities. We firmly believe that small individual efforts will turn into long-lasting changes.
Volunteers will help remove plastics from every corner of the schoolyard. Please sign up online. Your is essential for success. Don’t miss out – join hands with us today!