Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
A common belief has recently dominated discussions about the future of work: artificial intelligence will completely eliminate human jobs. The media often paints a dark picture where machines make professionals unnecessary, leading to widespread unemployment. As a result, many young adults feel deeply worried, questioning whether a university degree or specialized training can guarantee a stable career in a tech-driven economy.
However, real data shows a more complex picture of how the workforce is changing. According to the World Economic Forum’s Future of Jobs Report 2023, which surveyed 803 global companies, the reality is defined by a shift in jobs rather than total job loss. The report predicts a 23% change in the labor market over the next five years. While 83 million roles—mostly office jobs like data entry—are expected to decline, this loss is heavily offset by the creation of 69 million new jobs. These new opportunities go well beyond AI specialists, with massive growth expected in education, agriculture, and digital commerce.
This evolution shows that the basic nature of tasks is changing, rather than human labor becoming entirely unneeded. As repetitive tasks are given to machines, employers are highly valuing uniquely human traits. Therefore, the real challenge for workers is not competing directly with computers, but adapting to modern workplaces where they work smoothly with software.
The widespread anxiety about losing jobs to technology, though understandable, often hides practical solutions. The labor market is undoubtedly experiencing huge changes, but it also creates unprecedented opportunities for those willing to adapt. While technical knowledge is undeniably crucial, analytical thinking and creative problem-solving have emerged as the most sought-after core skills in corporate training programs. By embracing lifelong learning and developing flexible skills, workers can confidently keep their careers safe in an increasingly automated era.
In paragraph 1, the writer is _____.
The word "offset" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
The word "unprecedented" in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____.
The word "they" in paragraph 3 refers to _____.
Which of the following best paraphrases the bold sentence in paragraph 4?
"While technical knowledge is undeniably crucial, analytical thinking and creative problem-solving have emerged as the most sought-after core skills in corporate training programs."
Which of the following statements would the writer NOT agree with?
In which paragraph does the writer mention the psychological impact of job loss anxiety on young people?
In which paragraph does the writer mention the necessity for workers to collaborate with digital tools?
Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the blanks.
Humanity has long gazed at the stars, (1) _____. In recent decades, the dream of becoming a multi-planetary species has shifted from science fiction to a tangible goal, with Mars being the primary target. (2) _____, enabling us to study the Red Planet in unprecedented detail.
However, the romanticized vision of colonizing Mars often obscures the immense physical and technological hurdles. According to NASA, a crewed journey to Mars would take about seven months, (3) _____. Furthermore, the Martian environment is inherently hostile to human life. Its thin atmosphere consists of roughly 95 percent carbon dioxide, which (4) _____.
Faced with these daunting challenges, some experts argue that our technological focus is misplaced. Rather than investing trillions to terraform a barren world, (5) _____. While inventing the means to reach other planets is a monumental achievement, ensuring the survival of the only home we currently have remains our most urgent task.
Choose the correct option for (1).
Choose the correct option for (2).
Choose the correct option for (3).
meaning that the spacecraft could easily return to Earth in case of emergencies
providing the crew with a thoroughly safe and comfortable interplanetary voyage
proving that deep space travel is no longer a significant challenge for humanity
exposing astronauts to severe cosmic radiation and extreme psychological strain
Choose the correct option for (4).
Choose the correct option for (5).
scientists argue that we should prioritize fixing the environmental crises on Earth
experts propose developing temporary lunar outposts as a more feasible stepping stone
policymakers recommend delaying crewed missions until autonomous robots can build safe habitats
economists suggest establishing commercial orbital stations to generate sustainable revenue first
Read the following leaflet and choose the best answer for each blank.
WINTER FLU VACCINATION CAMPAIGN
Protect yourself and your loved ones this winter! The City Health Clinic is launching its annual flu vaccination program to help the community stay healthy.
Getting vaccinated is currently effective way to prevent the seasonal flu. We are proud to offer these vaccines at no to all local residents.
Important Guidelines:
Stay safe and stop the spread of the virus. Visit our website to schedule your visit today!
Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
For many young adults transitioning to independent living, developing new life skills is often a top priority. Inspired by self-help books and social media influencers, they frequently set highly ambitious targets, such as waking up at dawn to exercise, reading fifty books a year, or mastering a new language. At first, these resolutions are accompanied by immense enthusiasm and a strong sense of control over their future.
During the initial few days, this motivation often translates into real action. A university student striving for better grades might buy an expensive planner, color-code her study schedule, and download several habit-tracking apps. At this stage, the sheer excitement of designing a flawless routine is a reward in itself. Everything feels productive, and the student is confident that her newfound discipline will last the entire semester.
However, this early energy rarely survives the inevitable reality of daily fatigue. [I] When the alarm rings at five, the distant prospect of better health suddenly competes with the gratification of staying in bed. [II] A few days later, the student might skip her evening review session because a friend invites her to join an online game. [III] Behavioral psychologists attribute this pattern to a concept known as "present bias." [IV] Human beings naturally prioritize immediate rewards over long-term goals whose benefits may take months or even years to materialize.
A secondary hurdle is what researchers call "friction": the mental or physical effort required to initiate a task. When an assignment appears vast or vaguely defined, such as "studying for finals," the brain perceives it as hard work and instinctively seeks an easier path. Unfortunately, friction operates in the reverse direction as well. Opening a digital game takes just one tap, making the distracting choice instantly accessible. Consequently, experts advocate for introducing artificial friction to bad habits—for instance, using software that blocks entertainment websites during study hours. By working quietly in the background, these tools eliminate the need for constant self-regulation.
Building enduring habits begins with acknowledging that motivation is highly unreliable. Instead of chasing intimidating, massive goals, individuals can break them down into manageable increments that are virtually effortless to begin—like opening a textbook for just five minutes. Truly disciplined people do not simply rely on superior willpower. Instead, they deliberately organize their environments so that the productive choice is also the easiest one to make.
According to paragraph 1, how do many young adults feel when they first set their goals?
Pressured to match the demanding lifestyles promoted by social media influencers
Deeply satisfied with having designed a flawless schedule to track their habits
Highly optimistic and confident in their ability to take charge of their future
Anxious about the practical challenges of starting to live completely on their own.
What is NOT implied about the student’s behavior in the first few days?
The act of planning gives her a feeling of satisfaction and motivation.
She utilizes both physical items and digital software to organize her study.
She feels a strong sense of productivity before the actual studying begins.
She is well aware that her current excitement might fade over time.
The word "distant" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____.
immediate
unlikely
guaranteed
faraway
Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 4?
Restricting general internet access is widely recommended as a practical way to prevent the brain from feeling overwhelmed.
Increasing the effort required to access easy distractions can help overcome the brain's natural resistance to demanding work.
Digital entertainment platforms are typically structured with the specific intent of weakening a young adult's self-discipline.
Dividing complex assignments into highly manageable steps serves as an effective strategy to reduce initial hesitation.
The word "them" in paragraph 5 refers to _____.
overly ambitious objectives
enduring habits
manageable increments
highly motivated individuals
Where in paragraph 3 would the following sentence best fit?
"Yet this pattern is not simply a sign of laziness."
What can be inferred about the relationship between "friction" and "present bias"?
Individuals influenced by present bias usually prefer high-friction activities because they find the challenge rewarding.
Lowering the friction of academic tasks is typically sufficient to make a student's present bias disappear.
Present bias describes a psychological state, whereas friction is strictly related to a student's physical exhaustion.
They reinforce each other when an activity provides immediate pleasure and requires minimal effort to begin.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
The student skips her evening study session mainly because she feels physically exhausted.
Concepts like present bias and friction explain why early enthusiasm rarely produces lasting habits.
Researchers define "friction" as the mental fatigue experienced after prolonged periods of work.
Using habit-tracking apps is presented as a reliable way to sustain motivation over time.
According to the passage, all of the following contribute to the failure of students' ambitious routines EXCEPT _____.
the natural human tendency to prioritize instant emotional gratification
the overwhelming mental effort required to begin a poorly defined task
the unexpected daily tiredness that conflicts with early morning plans
the high financial cost of purchasing premium habit-tracking applications
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
Why We Fail at Good Habits and How to Design Better Systems
The Dangers of Digital Habit-Tracking Apps for University Students
The Best Guide to Waking Up at Five in the Morning
Stop Being Lazy: Why Willpower is the Efficient Key to Success
Read the following leaflet and choose the best answer for each blank.
Is your bookshelf overflowing with old study materials? It is high time our community decisive action to support disadvantaged students in mountainous areas. We are currently collecting used textbooks, notebooks, and reference materials. this incredible chance to share your knowledge with those in need! If you have spare textbooks lying around, please consider donating them to our community center. By participating in this meaningful campaign, you play a role in improving rural education. collecting books, we also accept warm winter clothes and stationery items. Every single contribution helps our dedicated team lend a helping to underprivileged children. Please drop off your donations at the main hall before Friday. Join us and light up a child's future!
Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text.
a. Mike: Sure thing, but I'll need them back by Monday morning for the test.
b. Emma: Thanks so much, I'll definitely return them before our first class.
c. Emma: I was wondering if you could lend me your biology notes for the weekend?
Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text.
a. Liam: Do you have a minute? I'm not sure how to structure our presentation on future smart cities.
b. Chloe: What's the main focus of your research so far? Is it transportation or green energy?
c. Chloe: If I were you, I'd highlight how these systems reduce carbon emissions as the final takeaway.
d. Liam: You're right about that. I'll wrap up the slides with that environmental impact.
e. Liam: In short, I've gathered a lot on AI-driven traffic systems, but I don't know how to conclude.
b – e – a – c – d
c – a – b – e – d
Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text.
Dear Customer Support Team,
a. Therefore, I strongly urge you to arrange a courier to collect this faulty unit and deliver a new one at your earliest convenience.
b. My active premium coverage explicitly guarantees a full unit replacement if any electronic equipment proves defective within the thirty-day window.
c. I am writing to formally request an immediate replacement for the 55-inch smart television I purchased from your store last week.
d. I look forward to receiving your prompt confirmation so that we can resolve this frustrating matter quickly.
e. Although the device worked perfectly on the first day, the screen now frequently flickers and turns completely black after just ten minutes of use.
Yours sincerely,
Thomas Wright
b – e – c – a – d
a – e – c – b – d
Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text.
a. Specialized vocational courses provide immediate hands-on skills, allowing school-leavers to enter the workforce quickly.
b. Take engineering apprenticeships as a clear example; they combine practical site experience with steady income, making them highly attractive to young adults.
c. Choosing between vocational training and traditional academic degrees is a pivotal decision for school-leavers nowadays.
d. All in all, while vocational tracks guarantee early career entry, academic degrees still offer broader long-term progression opportunities.
e. Yet critics point out that purely technical paths may limit a graduate's flexibility to transition into higher managerial roles later on.
a – e – b – c – d
e – a – c – b – d
Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text.
a. Consequently, the wetland's water quality improved dramatically within three years, encouraging the glorious return of migrating flocks.
b. To combat this ecological disaster, regional authorities initiated a massive cleanup program targeting the contaminated waterways surrounding the industrial zones.
c. As part of this comprehensive plan, specialized teams planted thousands of native water reeds to naturally filter harmful heavy metals from the soil.
d. This successful recovery illustrates that damaged ecosystems can indeed bounce back when proactive conservation measures are strictly applied.
e. By the time environmentalists launched the restoration project, severe industrial pollution had already destroyed the natural habitats of several endangered bird species.
d – c – b – a – e
a – b – e – c – d