Đề thi chính thức chuyên Anh vào 10 Sở Hà Nội năm 2021-2022

6/27/2020 11:00:00 AM

You will hear part of a talk about a type of bird called a crane.

Complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS / A NUMBER for each answer.

In parts of Asia, the crane is thought to represent both 1.1 and 1.2. The total population of the blue crane stands at around 1.3 individuals. The crane's usual habitat is in areas of 1.4, which are getting scarcer in Africa. Both small animals and 1.5 are given as examples of what cranes eat.
Cranes often collide with the 1.6 that are now found across southern Africa. Crane conservation in South Africa is coordinated by an organization called 1.7. In one conservation scheme, local women both 1.8 and, 1.9 like cranes when looking after young chicks.
Crane's movements are also being tracked through the use of tiny 1.10 linked to airports.

You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about the music industry. Look at Task 1, choose from the list A-H who is speaking. Now, look at Task 2, choose from the list A-H the opinion each speaker expresses.

While you listen, you must complete BOTH tasks.

TASK ONE

Choose from the list A-H what job each person has.

A. a recording studio engineer

B. a musician

C. a reviewer

D. a club owner

E. a fan

F. a website operator

G. a manager of performers

H. a radio presenter

Speaker 1: 2.1

Speaker 2: 2.2

Speaker 3: 2.3

Speaker 4: 2.4

Speaker 5: 2.5

TASK TWO

Choose from the list A-H the opinion each speaker expresses.

A. Tastes in music change very quickly.

B. Music is an important part of culture.

C. Some people who become well-known don't deserve their success.

D. There are lots of dishonest people in the music business.

E. Artists need to have a realistic view of the music business.

F. People with real talent will always succeed.

G. Some artists will always be popular.

H. People should only get involved in music because they love it.

Speaker 1: 2.6

Speaker 2: 2.7

Speaker 3: 2.8

Speaker 4: 2.9

Speaker 5: 2.10

Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

wretched
markedly
deservedly
unmatched

Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

basic
cosmic
music
invisible

Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.

infamous
invaluable
incredible
infrequently

Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.

initiative
efficiency
geography
individual

Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.

narrow-minded
cost-effective
hair-raising
well-endowed

In my opinion, Japan is _____ developed country in the world.

the most second
second in the most
the second most
two the most

The scenery is spectacular when _____ from the mountain top. It feels like your breath is being taken away.

to view
viewing
to be viewed
viewed

When things go wrong and make you angry, say to yourself: "_____". Remind yourself that getting angry won't solve anything, and won't make you feel better.

This is not really my cup of tea.
This is not the end of the world.
This is out of this world.
It is once in a blue moon.

We offer classic wildlife safaris, exciting expeditions, family holidays, and _____ holidays.

customer-made
tailor-made
self-made
home-made

Thomas Cook, the father of modern mass tourism, immediately saw the potential of a convenient '_____' holiday product in which everything was included in one cost.

off the beaten track
off the peg
off the record
off the hook

I want to thank _____ person who has contributed to this project.

every and each
each of all
each and every
all and every

The researchers realized they were _____ and had to change the focus of their experiment.

in the footsteps
ahead of schedule
on the wrong track
out of the way

Mary wanted to give Nigel a present that was a little bit out of the _____

ordinary
normal
average
everyday

These plants needed water and now they are dead! You _____ them regularly.

needn't have watered
didn't need to water
should have watered
must have watered

Along the road _____, all covered in mud.

come a procession
came a procession
did come a procession
did a procession come

It is crucial that patients _____ for urgent operations in all hospitals.

is not waiting
won't be waiting
not be waiting
be not waiting

You'll really have to work hard if you want to make the _____ as a journalist.

grade
term
mark
degree

Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.

1. However troublesome he could be, the mother had a soft _____ for Daniel.

2. Mira rather put the boss on the _____ by asking him when he was going to give us a pay rise.

3. This historic building is a popular _____ for field trips for various schools, ranging from primary to high schools.

=> Đáp án:

Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.

1. I got the _____ for being late for that important meeting.

2. I have got a busy day tomorrow, so I think I'll hit the _____.

3. She bought a _____ of potatoes and two heads of cauliflowers.

=> Đáp án:

Think of ONE word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.

1. Last week we had a memorable trip to a new zoo on the outskirts of the city where each species is kept in one big _____.

2. Severe drought may _____ food shortages in the region if there is no urgent measure to address this.

3. His jokes have been described as _____ of fears, anxieties, and insecurities.

=> Đáp án:

Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.

1. This medication could affect your _____, so you must only take it before you go to bed.

2. He was finding it difficult to strike a _____ between his family and his work.

3. My bank _____ is always low at the end of the month.

=> Đáp án:

Complete the idiom/phrasal verb in each sentence by using a verb in column A and a particle in column B. You should use the correct form of the verbs. There are more verbs and particles than necessary.

Column A	Column B
go \| pull \| turn \| get \| put \| play \| drive \| see	for \| through \| out \| by \| to \| over \| in \| round

1. I want this project to be successful. Let's 24.1 all the stops.

2. The kids have been 24.2 me 24.3 the bend today. They are too noisy!

3. Amanda was refusing to give me the week off so I 24.4 her head and spoke to the boss.

4. You really 24.5 your foot 24.6 it when you asked Hilary how her examination was. She has to retake it next week!

5. When she arrived, she was nervous because she felt that he could 24.7 her claims to have worked as a waitress before and would turn her down.

6. "Who can I 24.8 for help with my homework now?" Phuc said.

Give the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the passage.

A day without plastic

Many people simply can't imagine a life without plastic and the fact is that this (MARK) 25.1 material has really made its (PRESENT) 25.2 felt since its invention. In a relatively short period of time, plastic has gone novelty to dominator. Part of what makes the story of plastic so (COMPEL) 25.3 is that it now surrounds us in all areas of our lives. Some people, however, have had enough of plastic, and one historian has proposed that for one day every year we should all (TAKE) 25.4 not to touch anything made of plastic.

This means (VARY) 25.5 countries would not be able to buy anything, except by means of coins, because their banknotes printed on plastic and another (SEQUENCE) 25.6 would be that no one would be able to use their credit cards. People would have to write in pencil rather than a pen, and nothing could be handled that was wrapped in plastic. It is hoped that this (INITIATE) 25.7 would be a major breakthrough in making people realize how much of (INTRUDE) 25.8 plastic is on our lives.

Read the passage and decide which answer best fits each gap.

The benefits of the Internet are widely known: it offers access to all kinds of information imaginable and provides opportunities to communicate with others around the world, share opinions, and play games. Parents recognize that it can 26.1 a world of learning and new experiences for their children, but because the Internet is 26.2 of millions of private sites which no one can control, 26.3 there are risks involved. It potentially exposes youngsters to offensive material and even dangerous situations, and crimes like abductions, which begin with seemingly harmless online introductions, are becoming increasingly common. Recently, however, there have been efforts to raise awareness of the dangers of the Internet. Parents should tell their children to remember at all times that in chat rooms, they are dealing with complete strangers and not giving out any personal information is the 26.4 to Internet safety. Specialized software can be installed that filters out unsuitable sites. There are also safe sites for children where membership is required. Such sites are constantly 26.5 to make sure that no one breaks the rules: no sharing of personal details, no requests for email addresses, and no rudeness. The Internet is vast and ungovernable, but provided certain 26.6 are taken, young people can safely benefit from its riches.

Read the passage carefully and then fill ONE suitable word in each gap.

Life on a small island may seem very inviting to the tourists who spend a few weeks there in the summer, but the realities of living on 27.1 is virtually a rock surrounded by water are quite different from what the casual visitor imagines. Although in summer the island villages are full of people, life and activity, when the tourist season is over, many of the shop owners shut down their businesses and return to the mainland to spend the winter in town. 27.2 to say, those who remain on the island, whether by choice or necessity, face many hardships. One of the worst of these is isolation, with 27.3 many attendant problems. When the weather is bad, which is often the 27.4 in winter, the island is entirely cut off; this means not only that people cannot have goods delivered but also that a medical emergency can be fatal to someone confined to an island. At 27.5, telephone communication is cut off, which means that no word from the outside world can get through. Isolation and loneliness are basic reasons why so many people have left the islands for a better and more secure life in the mainland cities, in spite of the fact that this involves leaving "home".

Read the following passage about ways of reusing escaped heat. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap. There is one extra paragraph that you do not need to use.

A. But that's not all it can do. Reverse the process and it can cool a home in summer. If the ground is cold enough, it simply absorbs the heat from inside the building instead of from the ground.

B. It's an attractive proposition. A report in 2008 found that the energy lost as heat each year by US industry equaled the annual use of five million citizens. Power generation is a major culprit; the heat lost from that sector alone dwarfs the total energy use of Japan. The situation in other industrialized countries is similar.

C. Yet even this is just a drop in the ocean compared with any heat lost from our homes, offices, road vehicles, and trains. However, waste heat from these myriad sources is much harder to harness than the waste heat from single, concentrated sources like power plants. What's more, it's barely warm enough to merit its name. Reclaiming that would be an altogether more difficult proposition.

D. A more successful way of using the heat is to move the heat directly to where it is needed. A number of power plants now do exactly that. They capture some or all of their waste heat and send it - as steam or hot water through a network of pipes to nearby cities.

E. The system takes advantage of the fact that in temperate regions - regardless of surface temperature - a few meters underground, the soil always remains lukewarm and stable. These pumps can tap into that consistent temperature to heat a house in the winter.

F. While this is not what you might consider hot, it nonetheless causes the liquid to evaporate into a gas. When this gas circulates back into the building, it is fed through a compressor, which vastly intensifies the heat. That heat can then be used by a heat exchanger to warm up hot water or air ducts

G. Rather than stewing in that excess heat, what if we could make it work for us? Throughout our energy system - from electricity generation in power plants to power a car - more than fifty percent of the energy we use leaks into the surroundings.

City of Heat

Escaped heat costs us money and affects our climate. Chelsea Wald reports on a grand plan to capture it and put it to good use.

Deep in the tunnels of London's underground railway, as in many around the world, it's so hot it can feel very uncomfortable. And yet in the basement of a building only a few meters away from the station, a boiler is firing to heat water for someone's shower.

28.1

Recapturing it wouldn't just benefit our wallets. It would reverse some of the damaging effects on the climate. The good news is that several cities have found a way to hunt down their surplus heat in some unexpected places. These cities are building systems that deliver heat in much the same way that suppliers handle electricity and water. Could they point the way to the next energy revolution?

28.2

It was also estimated that given the right technologies, we could reclaim nearly half of that energy, although that's easier said than done. "We often talk about the quantity of waste heat," says David Mackay, chief scientific adviser to the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change, "but not the quality". Most of what we think of as "waste heat" isn't all that hot; about sixty percent is below 230*C. While that may sound pretty hot, it is too cold to turn a turbine to generate electricity.

28.3

There, building tap into the system to warm their water suppliers or air for central heating. Many countries are encouraging such cogeneration, as it is called. A US initiative, for example, might save the country $10 billion per year. And cogeneration allows power plants to bump up their efficiencies from thirty percent to almost ninety percent.

28.4

As it happens, there is an existing technology that can siphon energy from such temperatures, although applying it on a large scale to capture waste heat is as yet unachievable. Ground source heat pumps have been helping homeowners save on heating bills since the 1940s when US inventor Robert Webber realized he could invert the refrigeration process to extract heat from the ground.

28.5

The mechanism for this is simple. A network of pipes makes a circuit between the inside of the dwelling and a coil buried underground. These pipes contain a mix of water and fluid refrigerant. As the fluid mixture travels through the pipes buried underground, it absorbs heat from the 10C soil.

28.6

This system is powerful enough to efficiently provide heat even in places as cold as Norway and Alaska. It is also cheap. Scientists around the world are now working on the idea that the way ahead is to develop citywide grids using source-heat pumps to recycle waste on a grander scale, from sources such as subways and sewers.

Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.

CUTE buses: a new direction for public transport

It seems like a normal bus, except that it moves almost silently, and it does not give off any exhaust fumes. Instead, a small cloud of white steam emerges from the roof. But this is no ordinary vehicle. It is part of an experiment that could revolutionize public transport in our cities, providing sustainable, non-polluting transport from renewable energy resources.

A. Urban transport is a major problem in the countries of the European Union, where over 75% of the population lives in towns and cities. It is becoming increasingly difficult to reconcile individual needs and expectations of personal mobility with the preservation of the fabric of our cities and with the quality of life of their inhabitants. Transport is already one of the chief contributors to health and environmental problem in urban regions, and increasing levels of congestion mean that in some cities the average speed of traffic at peak times is slower than it was in the days of the horse and cart. In addition, exhaust fumes are a major contributor to rising levels of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere, as well as being a source of carbon monoxide and particulate matter. With experts forecasting an increase of 30% in the total number of kilometers traveled by 2030, urban transport systems have to face the challenge of meeting citizens’ needs for mobility through the development of innovative and sustainable methods of transport.

B. To address this problem, the European Commission has allocated $18.5m to a project entitled CUTE (Clean Urban Transport for Europe), one of the most ambitious experiments in energy and transport taking place today. The aim of the project is to investigate the role that hydrogen and fuel cells could play in providing a safe, clean, and efficient means of public transport. In order to do this, the nine participating cities have each been supplied with three buses which are powered by hydrogen rather than by diesel fuel. The buses, produced by Mercedes Benz Citaro, contain tanks of compressed hydrogen in the roof, which supply fuel cells. Here, the hydrogen molecules are split and electricity is produced to power the bus, together with pure water which escapes into the atmosphere as a stream. The buses only need refueling once a day and can travel at speed of up to 100kph.

C. The nine participating cities vary widely in their local conditions and the type of operating systems they use, allowing data to be collected and comparisons to be made between the different systems. One decision the transport authorities in each city have to make is the source of the hydrogen they use for fuel. This may be produced either from renewable resources or from fossil fuels. At present only around 40% of the energy required for the production of hydrogen on the project comes from renewable resources such as wind power. Amsterdam and Hamburgboth use energy from this source to produce hydrogen for their buses. Stockholm also uses a renewable resource, in this case, hydropower, while making use of solar power. In cases such as these, it may be possible to have a zero-emission system, with no harmful by-products given off at any stage of the project. However, other cities such as Porto and London use natural gas or other non-renewable resources to produce hydrogen.

D. In addition to deciding on the means of production, the cities also have to decide on the location where the production of hydrogen is to take place. The on-site production of hydrogen removes the need for its transportation by truck in liquid or gas form, which is again an advantage in ecological and financial terms; this solution is used by several cities including Madrid. In London, however, in order to make the hydrogen available to other users, the authorities decided against on-site production plant being some way from the bus depot.

E. The varying geographical and climatic conditions of each city also allow information to be collected on a range of operating conditions for the buses. In some cities, such as London, buses have to be able to perform in congested traffic, while in Madrid and Porto in summer they have to be able to contend with the hot climate in addition to this. Bus transport in Porto also has to cope with extreme geographical conditions since the city is built on a steep hillside, and the same is true of Luxembourg and Barcelona. In Stuttgart, on the other hand, which has a widespread population, the buses’ ability to travel long distances is tested.

F. The overall remit of the project, therefore, involves a comparison of performance and costs involved in three main areas: the production of hydrogen, the organization of infrastructure (for example, the location of hydrogen refilling stations), and the use of the buses in varying operational conditions. There is still some way to go before hydrogen buses will be replacing ordinary public transport on a large scale - at present running costs are ten times higher, which does not make them a commercial proposition - but it is beginning to look as if the days of the diesel driven bus are numbered.

Traffic may cause problems both to city buildings and to residents.

True
False
Not given

The most efficient way to solve urban transport problems is to increase the use of public transportation.

True
False
Not given

The chemical reaction which produces power for the hydrogen bus takes place in the fuel cell.

True
False
Not given

The nine cities in the CUTE project have zero-emission systems for their hydrogen buses.

True
False
Not given

The reading passage has six paragraphs labeled A-F. Write letter A-F in the blanks. You may use any letter more than once.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

1. a contrast between the two main methods of hydrogen production: 33.1

2. a reason why hydrogen-powered buses may not be widely used for some time: 33.2

3. a comparison of traffic conditions in the past and present: 33.3

4. a justification for the transportation of hydrogen by road to refuel London buses: 33.4