Đề thi chính thức môn Anh Chuyên vào lớp 10 THPT Chuyên Sư phạm ngày 01/6/2022.
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
pneumonia
pseudonym
preciosity
psychology
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
wisdom
slight
tighten
night
Look! There's no point in trying to overturn the decision. It's all _____.
Buy me a newspaper on your way back, _____?
Mary gave me a _____ box on my last birthday.
I was disappointed when I saw the film. It was a real _____.
In the early 20th century, physicians discovered that blood transfusions often failed because the blood type of the recipient was not compatible _____ the donor.
She could sleep well _____ the loud music the neighbor played last night.
Our prices are _____ of all flights and accommodation and represent excellent value.
If the level of VAT is _____ this year, small businesses will be affected.
They managed to _____ doing the work by pretending to be busy.
It was extremely extravagant of us to stay in a luxurious hotel, but we wanted to _____ ourselves.
By appearing in the soap powder commercials, she became a _____ name.
I wish I hadn't _____ him for his brother.
Make sure that the memo is sent to _____.
The guest tasted the dessert _____.
It's true that older people are a bit _____ when it comes to things like technology, but on the whole, I think they're probably more open-minded than they used to be.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).
Did she get the better of you in the argument as to whether milk is good for our health?
Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).
Once I realized I was not cut out for the job, I decided to hand in my notice.
Read the text and choose the correct word from the box to fill in each blank.
Why people laugh
Sunday May 4th will be World Laughter Day. Dr Madan Kataria, who introduced this annual event, says we need more laughter in our lives to combat the global rise of stress and loneliness. But surely that strange sound that we make periodically can't be the to such problems.
If an alien to land on our planet and a take stroll among a crowd of earthlings, it would hear a lot of 'ha-ha' noises. It might wonder what purpose this strange habit . If we ask ourselves what a good laugh, the obvious answer is that it is a response to something funny. But one scientist, Rober Provine, says humour has surprisingly to do with that. Instead, it lies at the of such issues as the perception of self and the evolution of language and social behaviour. Rober Provine realised that you cannot capture laughter in the lab because as soon as you place it under scrutiny, it vanishes. So, instead, he gathered by hanging around groups of people, noting when they laughed.
He collected 1,200 laugh episodes - an episode being defined as the comment immediately the laughter and the laughter itself. His analysis of this data revealed some important facts about laughter. "It's a message we send to other people - it virtually reveals when we're by ourselves," he says. "And it's a choice. Ask someone to laugh and they'll either try to fake a laugh or say they can't do it on .
Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s).
A celebrated psychologist who expanded our knowledge of how children think and develop was a Swiss named Jean Piaget.
Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s).
Downpours had drenched Hanoi all day, but that did not dampen the enthusiasm of red-clad spectators.
Read the passage and choose the best answer for each question.
Is the Internet making us stupid?
In an article in Science, Patricia Greenfield, a developmental psychologist who runs UCLA's Children's Digital Media Center, reviewed dozens of studies on how different media technologies influence our cognitive abilities. Some of the studies indicated that certain computer tasks, like playing video games, increase the speed at which people can shift their focus among icons and other images on screens. Other studies, however, found that such rapid shifts in focus, even if performed adeptly, result in less rigorous and 'more automatic' thinking.
In one experiment at an American university, half a class of students was allowed to use internet-connected laptops during a lecture, while the other half had to keep their computers shut. Those who browsed the web performed much worse on a subsequent test of how well they retained the lecture's content. Earlier experiments revealed that as the number of links in an online document goes up, reading comprehension falls, and as more types of information are placed on a screen, we remember less of what we see.
Greenfield concluded that 'every medium develops some cognitive skills at the expense of others'. Our growing use of screen-based media, she said, has strengthened visual-spatial intelligence, which can strengthen the ability to do jobs that involve keeping track of lots of rapidly changing signals, like piloting a plane or monitoring a patient during surgery. However, that has been accompanied by 'new weakness in higher-order cognitive processes', including 'abstract vocabulary, mindfulness, reflection, inductive problem-solving, critical thinking and imagination'. We're becoming, in a word, shallower.
Studies of our behavior online support this conclusion. German researchers found that web browsers usually spend less than ten seconds looking at a page. Even people doing academic research online tend to 'bounce' rapidly between documents, rarely reading more than a page or two, according to a University College London study. Such mental juggling takes a big toll. In a recent experiment at Stanford University, researchers gave various cognitive tests to 49 people who do a lot of media multitasking and 52 people who multitask much less frequently. The heavy multitaskers performed poorly on all the tests. They were more easily distracted, had less control over their attention, and were much less able to distinguish important information from trivia. The researchers were surprised by the results. They expected the intensive multitaskers to have gained some mental advantages. That wasn't the case, though. In fact, the multitaskers weren't even good at multitasking. 'Everything distracts them,' said Clifford Nass, one of the researchers.
It would be one thing if the ill effects went away as soon as we turned off our computers and mobiles, but they don't. The cellular structure of the human brain, scientists have discovered, adapts readily to the tools we use to find, store and share information. By changing our habits of mind, each new technology strengthens certain neural pathways and weakens others. The alterations shape the way we think even when we're not using the technology. The pioneering neuroscientist Michael Merzenich believes our brains are being 'massively remodeled' by our ever-intensifying use of the web and related media. In 2009, he said that he was profoundly worried about the cognitive consequences of the constant distractions and interruptions the internet bombards us with. The long-term effect on the quality of our intellectual lives, he said, could be 'deadly'.
Not all distractions are bad. As most of us know, if we concentrate too intensively on a tough problem, we can get stuck in a mental rut. However, if we let the problem sit unattended for a time, we often return to it with a fresh perspective and a burst of creativity. Research by Dutch psychologist Ap Dijksterhuis indicates that such breaks in our attention give our unconscious mind time to grapple with a problem, bringing to bear information and cognitive processes unavailable to conscious deliberation. We usually make better decisions, his experiments reveal, if we shift our attention away from a mental challenge for a time.
But Dijksterhuis's work also shows that our unconscious thought processes don't engage with a problem until we've clearly and consciously defined what the problem is. If we don't have a particular goal in mind, he writes, 'unconscious thought does not occur'. The constant distractedness that the Net encourages is very different from the kind of temporary, purposeful diversion of our mind that refreshes our thinking. What we seem to be sacrificing in our surfing and searching is our capacity to engage in the quieter, attentive modes of thought that underpin contemplation, reflection and introspection.
What do we learn about Patricia Greenfield's research in the first paragraph?
Two of the experiments mentioned in the second paragraph concerned _____
One of Greenfield's conclusions was that _____
One of the pieces of research mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicated that _____
What is the writer's purpose in the fifth paragraph?
The writer mentions Ap Dijksterhuis's research in order to make the point that _____
Choose the correct paragraphs A - F from the list of numbered paragraphs i - vi below. Write the correct number next to each paragraph.
List of paragraphs
i. In addition, teens' brains are very sensitive to reward, and this also helps them learn. Succeeding at a task gives teens a powerful incentive for repeating, and remembering, rewarding behaviours.
ii. Essentially, what we can learn from this isn't that teens necessarily have better memories than adults, but rather the way in which they remember is different. They are able to connect different things and build a richer understanding of the world.
iii. And, although not essential, even teenage rebellion against family authority has a good side. Researchers have found that teens who argued with their parents were more likely to resist peer pressure to drink. It turns out that the family home is a safe place for teens to practise standing up for what they believe in.
iv. This quote could easily be used to describe teens that rebel against authority, are emotional and make impulsive decisions. But, like the crazy ones, they are also creative, committed to doing things their own way, and are often agents of social change.
v. It's true that it's a dangerous age. For example, teen drivers are three times more likely than adults to be involved in a fatal accident. And while this issue is real, let's not overlook the fact that not all risk-taking is negative.
vi. Another positive aspect of teenage risk-taking is their belief that they can change society. They are more likely than adults to speak out for what they think is right or find innovative solutions to problems.
Rebels with a Cause
"Here's to the crazy ones. The misfits. The rebels. The troublemakers. The round pegs in the square holes. The ones who see things differently. They're not fond of rules. You can quote them, disagree with them, glorify or vilify them. About the only thing you can't do is to ignore them. And while some may see them as the crazy ones, we see genius. Because the people, who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do."
Typically, there is not a lot of praise to be heard for teenagers. But teenage rebellion and risk-taking is a natural result of the development of the brain, and a necessary step to reach adulthood. Our teenage years are like no other period in our lives, and we should view this stage as a unique opportunity rather than only a time of drama and danger.
For example, one of the best things about being a teen is having an amazing ability to learn, and this is a positive side effect of being willing to take risks. Teens are less afraid of failure, and one of the biggest limitations people face in life is the tendency not to try something new because they might fail. Teens, however, are wide open to trying new things.
This sensitivity can make teens highly motivated at tasks that interest them. And while the task that interests them might be playing video games, it could also be playing the guitar, writing poetry, or even learning about physics. It is the age when obsessive practice is the easiest it will ever be, and that practice is one aspect of genius.
Adults might view this as naivety, after all, making changes happen in society is extremely difficult, could be a waste of time, and would probably upset people. However, we can be sure that if no one bothers to try, change is impossible. And while change might be scary, and risky, it is not always bad. In fact, sometimes it is essential.
So perhaps it is time to start celebrating teenage rebellion rather than dreading it. Of course, parents and teachers need to set safe limits, but they should also feel proud of teens' newfound opinions, positive risk-taking and creativity. After all, they will need those skills in the future in order to build a better world.
Read the passage and answer the question.
YOUTH WORKS
As the pace of today's working life blurs the line between personal time and work time, so it increasingly mixes personal lifestyle and work style. And as companies concentrate on attracting and keeping a younger workforce for its technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming an extension of youth culture. This may be no bad thing. Along with the company games room come things that matter deeply to young people; opportunity, responsibility, respect. For most of human history the middle-aged have ruled. With years came wisdom, experience, connections and influence. Rarely did they change jobs, years of loyal service counted most. However, in the future, older workers will not disappear, or even reduce in numbers, but they will have to share power with fresh-faced youths.
There have been a number of reasons for this change; the most dramatic of these is technology. Children have always been more expert than their parents at something, but usually a game or a fashion, not the century's most important business tool. The Internet has triggered the first industrial revolution in history to be led by the young. This is the age group that created Netscape, the first commercial web browser, Napster, the music-sharing technology that shocked the music industry; Yahoo! and many of the other web giants. Though there have been youth revolutions before, none of them made the leap from teen bedroom to boardroom the way the Internet has. Throughout the twentieth century, had a young person wanted to enter corporate America they needed to leave their youth behind. They got a haircut, and probably a suit or at least a tie. Now the same hair, same clothes, even nearly the same hours apply to office and home.
Had it not been for the Internet, this change could not have happened. However, it did not happen because of the Internet only, the corporate restructuring of the 1980s and 90s broke down traditional hierarchies. In many companies, rigid seniority-based hierarchies have given way to hierarchies based on merit. No longer are the abilities to navigate internal bureaucracies and please your superiors the most valued skills. Today's employees are free agents who stay with companies only as long as they feel challenged and rewarded; moving from job to job is now a sign of ambition and initiative. Today's young people are valued as workers for different reasons than their predecessors: they welcome change; they think differently, they are independent; they are entrepreneurial; they want opportunity more than money and security and finally, they demand respect.
This revolution is not just about the young. Youth itself is being redefined. Increasingly, 35-year-olds listen to the same music as 20-year-olds, dress like them and even look almost like them. Never before has there been a time when there was so little difference between age groups. Imagine a society converging on an age somewhere between 20 and 30, and you have a fair picture of New York or San Francisco now, with other American cities not far behind.
The rise of the young is a good thing, not least because it gives people at their most creative stage in life more opportunity to put their ideas and energy into practice. But will there be a takeover by the young? A good place to look for an answer is Microsoft. Microsoft's most important employees are not its managers, but individual programmers. They have great independence in choosing how to do their job. By and large, the managers' task is not to tell the programmers what to do, but to clear obstacles from the path they choose. Microsoft workers are valued most for their ability to think for themselves, they are trusted to find their own solutions to business problems. Managers hold back, knowing that the more specific their order, the more it is likely to undermine their employees' ability to find creative solutions. So they concentrate on the diplomatic tasks that most of the independent young programmers are not much good at: coordinating with other teams, resolving conflicts, motivating people and ensuring that everybody is happy. Microsoft starts to look like a model for the workplace of the future: programmers tend to be in their twenties and early thirties, whereas the managers are about a decade older. Many of the managers are former programmers who reached a point where they no longer wanted to sleep under their desk. The effect of all this is that youth and youth qualities apparently dominate, but the experience and maturity of older employees is put to good use too.
Decide whether the statements reflect the claims of the writer. Choose
|
YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer. NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer. NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this. |
1. The number of older workers in companies will decline.
2. The Internet is the most important development since the industrial revolution.
3. In many companies, the ability to make the superiors pleased is not one of the most valued skills any longer.
4. Microsoft's most important employees are individual programmers.
Complete the summary below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE words or a number.
In today's workplace and work are becoming mixed and older workers are losing power in their companies. The most important reason for this is which has allowed fresh-faced youths to enter the workplace and make changes. A second reason was the changes made to company in the 80s and 90s which emphasized over seniority. The final reason is that values have changed. Today's workers want opportunity more than Another effect is that older people are behaving like younger people with society's average age between 20 and 30 in some US cities. At Microsoft, the manager's role is not to give workers orders but to from their way and help them discover solutions to business problems.
Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in each gap.
Britain has gone mad for bananas. Over the past 12 months, Britons have consumed an unprecedented 3.5 billion pieces of the tropical fruit, forcing the apple into second place. The nation's banana boom is one of the most remarkable nutritional trends of recent years, a guide not only to the growing consciousness of the British people but also to the country's economic health. is amazing is that bananas were virtually unheard of during the 19th century and even up until the end of the 1920s anyone in Britain had tasted or seen them. Early attempts to introduce them to northern countries had met with failure because by the time they had been shipped to Britain, they had rotted recognition. However, thanks to the development of refrigerated shipping, all this changed. Refrigerated shipping meant that then, as now, bunches of imported bananas could arrive in good condition at houses in dockyards where they were stored. The first commercial refrigerated shipment arrived 100 years ago, triggering an enthusiasm from Britons have never looked back. "The banana has everything going for it”, says Jeanette Scott of the Banana Group marketing organization. "It's easy to open, it is packed energy and vitamins and is low in calories. It is also a first-class cure for upset stomachs and it stabilizes blood , so its popularity should not be seen as that surprising."
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap of the following questions.
The American painter George Wesley Bellows (1882-1925) was the only son of an elderly couple who (EXAMPLE) the Midwestern values of honest business practice and strict morality.
From earliest childhood, he seemed determined to become an artist. Before graduating from Ohio State University, and in the face of stiff parental (OPPOSE) he moved to New York to study art. There he was strongly influenced by "The Eight", or American Ashcan School. For the (REMAIN) of his life, his work was characterized by realist subject matter, (LIE) which was a traditional approach to composition. He was also fascinated by the various systems of color (RELATE) that painters were using at the time, and studied them in detail. The truly outstanding work that he produced in these early days (SHADOW) and contributed to much of his later painting.
Despite his identification with common, even low-life themes, he was elected an associate of the (PRESTIGE) National Academy at the exceptionally early age of 27. One of the reasons the Academy honored Bellows, while (HOLD) approval from many of the other members of “The Eight", was the fact that there were unmistakable references to the old masters in Bellows' work. He was one of the few artists who (INSTINCT) combined a modern verve and energy with an appreciation of (ART) tradition, and his almost universal appeal was therefore not surprising.
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
It was such a difficult task that expert assistance was required.
=> So ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
He is unlikely to be promoted.
=> There ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
Susan tries hard, but she doesn't get anywhere.
=> However ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
They believe that the manager absconded with the company's pension fund money.
=> The manager ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
"Please, please don't tell anyone you've seen me!" the boy said to me.
=> The boy begged ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given.
She is certainly not a good cook. (MEANS)
=> She good cook.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given.
I could tell by the tone of his voice how serious the situation was. (HOME)
=> The tone of his voice how serious the situation was.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given.
No one stands a chance of beating him in this year's championship. (FOREGONE)
=> It's that he will win this year's championship.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given.
We ask travellers not to use their mobile phones when they pass through security. (REFRAIN)
=> Travellers their mobile phones when they pass through security.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given.
The festival was so well organized that everything went smoothly. (CLOCKWORK)
=> Everything at the festival thanks to the excellent organization.
Recently young people are said to be "Welcome Generation" as they are willing to face any difficulties.
Write a paragraph of about 140 words about how people of your age in your country deal with challenges in their life.