Đề số 15 luyện thi vào 10 môn Anh Chuyên trường THPT CNN

1/15/2024 6:01:00 AM

Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).

You'll have to use the recording studio on the second floor because this one is not in working condition.

  • out of order
  • out of work
  • out of a hat
  • out of bounds

Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).

Such ingrained prejudices against foreign teachers cannot be corrected easily.

  • unreasonable
  • immoral
  • deep-rooted
  • unacceptable

Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).

To keep up with new developments and technology, modern people need to implement lifelong learning all the time.

  • come up with
  • get on with
  • face up with
  • catch up with

Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).

There is an increase in the prevalence of electronic books as more people are turning to digitalised reading materials.

  • scarcity
  • deficiency
  • popularity
  • intensity

Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s).

There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and farmers are having trouble. 

  • proper
  • adequate
  • unsatisfactory
  • dominant

Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s).

After a good night's sleep, she woke up feeling as fresh as a daisy and eager to start work again.

  • optimistic
  • energetic
  • tragic
  • lethargic

Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s).

Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it.

  • recovers
  • generates
  • creates
  • rejects

Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s).

Car seats for young babies should face the rear.

  • middle
  • back
  • bump
  • front

As the race began, the car quickly _____ speed and shot ahead of the pack.

  • gathered
  • collected
  • consumed
  • fired
He cannot _____ ignorance as his excuse; he should have known what was happening in his own department.
  • insist
  • defend
  • refer
  • plead
Employees who have a ______ are encouraged to discuss it with the management.
  • hindrance
  • grievance
  • disadvantage
  • disturbance

When l finish writing this composition, I'm going to _____ and go to bed.

  • make time
  • hit the hay
  • hit the big time
  • call it a day

I would prefer _____ to the cinema rather than _____ at home.

  • go - stay
  • going - to stay
  • to go - staying
  • to go - stay

The top my mom wants to buy me from Blue Exchange doesn't _____ me at all; it's just not my style.

  • fit
  • match
  • go with
  • suit
There's no point in telephoning him. He's certain _____ by now.
  • to leave
  • to have left
  • left
  • having left

K-pop superstar Rose has joined U.S. first lady Jill Biden at a mental health event to talk about how even famous people _____ emotional struggles.

  • ward off
  • grapple with
  • patch up
  • blurt out

_____ Paul realize that he was on the wrong flight.

  • No sooner had the plane taken off than
  • It was not until the plane had taken off that
  • Not until the plane had taken off did
  • Only after the plane had taken off

Both parents were unemployed and the family had a _____ lifestyle.

  • cautious
  • frugal
  • careful
  • tight

Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

What is the world's largest desert? I’m sure the first that to mind is the legendary Sahara but that’s 3rd. It’s actually the desert on the Antarctic , measuring just under 14,000,000 kms2, closely followed by the Arctic desert. Most people living away from deserts associate this kind of with sand, but only 10% of deserts are actually made up of sand .

The term ‘desert’ in fact describes a landscape that receives almost no precipitation, meaning rainfall, snow, ice, or hail. The term can also apply to regions where there is greater evaporation of than rainfall. In other words, more water is absorbed back into the atmosphere than stays on or within the ground. So, in deserts, you’re mainly talking about ice sheets and a little rock, not sand, of course. The surface of many other deserts is comprised of loose rock where the finer particles of dust and sand have been blown away.

It may surprise you to know that deserts exist all over the globe, from the Kalahari in Africa to the Great Victoria in Australia and so on, and that they cover just over a fifth of the earth’s land area. The world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara, actually temperatures of 122 Fahrenheit degrees. Other arid deserts may not be so hot but in with the Sahara, they cool considerably at night.

An issue that is worrying geologists, governments, and the people who live on the edges of deserts is the way they are spreading. You might think that the reason for this is drought – but lack of rain is not the cause.

Read the following passage then choose the best answer to each question below.

WATER IN DESERT

Desert areas of the world are not completely void of precipitation, but rainfall in these regions is known to vary greatly. Typically, scientists use an annual rainfall amount of four inches as the dividing line between desert and non-desert areas. While these arid regions may receive a similar amount of rainfall each year, how that rainfall affects surface water and groundwater resources is largely dependent upon the area’s topographical characteristics. For example, landforms such as flats and depressions common to deserts are known to collect water, but these features constitute only a small percentage of the desert landscape.

It is interesting to note that these arid lands in fact contain some of the earth’s largest systems of rivers. In the cases of these river systems, the sources of the rivers lie outside the arid region itself, and hence they are known as “exogenous” rivers and systems. These exogenous systems play a critical role in nourishing life in the world’s most parched regions. For example, the annual flooding of the Nile, Tigris, and Euphrates rivers has long supplied residents with water and brought in fertile silt to help agriculture. With the advent of modern technology, however, this flooding is largely managed by human hands, which has required more governmental cooperation among nations in crafting treaties and agreements regulating the use of these river basins.

In addition to human intervention, the flow of exogenous rivers is impacted by the season. Ironically, it sometimes takes a number of months for the effect of a rainy season outside a desert area to be felt within it, so by the time the peak flow finally arrives, it may in fact be the driest time of the year. While this additional water does aid the irrigation for agriculture, weather changes during the dry season like higher temperatures and lower humidity may make the cultivation of some crops even more challenging than it is during the normal growing season.

In contrast to exogenous rivers, those identified as “endogenous” systems begin and end within the arid region. Water in these systems generally comes from groundwater springs, but many of these rivers are fed by water coming from limestone massifs, such as the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Rivers of this variety tend not to reach the sea, but instead end up draining into inland basins, where most of it is simply lost to evaporation or disappears into the ground.

Though rivers and lakes are present in desert areas, groundwater makes up a much larger percentage of the total water in these regions. However, only a small portion of these underground deposits ever reach the hydrologic cycle; i.e., it never enters the constant movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the earth that characterizes most of the planet’s other water resources. The groundwater that does enter into this cycle usually does so by feeding the flow of streams or by maintaining water levels in lakes. Water taken in this way from groundwater stores is then refilled by surface flows and rainwater. International organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank have both funded efforts to survey existing groundwater in arid lands and to create effective methods to draw usable water from these sources. These efforts are particularly necessary due to the lack of clear understanding in these regions about just how much groundwater exists. What is known, however, is that these groundwater deposits are very unevenly distributed and that much of this water can be found deep beneath the earth’s surface.

These groundwater deposits are found underground in open spaces between, inside, and among rocks and sediment. These water-laden layers of earth are known as “aquifers.” In general, limestone and sandstone aquifers tend to be deep and large, which contributes to their relatively high concentration of minerals. They are usually not replenished because they became saturated more than 10,000 years ago and do not need to be. These deep aquifers are sometimes called “fossil waters” to denote the fact that this water has been present for so long. On the other hand, shallow aquifers found in sand or gravel are much less extensive, but they can quickly be replenished.

What do scientists use to determine whether or not an area is a desert?

  • The amount of annual rainfall
  • The lack of groundwater resources
  • Topographical characteristics
  • The absence of flats and depressions in the landscape
The word "depressions" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.
  • rifts
  • dunes
  • ranges
  • basins

The author mentions all of the following about the flow of exogenous rivers EXCEPT _____

  • The impact of the flow is often felt in the driest seasons.
  • The flow can be an aid in the cultivation of crops.
  • The effects of the flow are not felt immediately.
  • The flow is unaffected by the season of the year.

What distinguishes an endogenous river from an exogenous river?

  • An endogenous river flows into a limestone massif.
  • The source of an endogenous river is within the desert region.
  • The endogenous river does not reach the sea.
  • Endogenous rivers have a higher saline content than exogenous rivers.

The word "stores" in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to _____.

  • locations
  • accumulations
  • caves
  • discoveries

Why does the passage mention in paragraph 5 the fact that the exact extent of groundwater resources is still unknown?

  • To highlight the lack of scientific research being done in desert areas.
  • To illustrate the importance of freshwater to the inhabitants of deserts.
  • To explain why the recent actions of the United Nations and others are needed.
  • To show how groundwater can affect the flow of exogenous rivers.

The word "replenished" in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to _____.

  • refilled
  • rejuvenated
  • reinvigorated
  • rescinded

What can be inferred about shallow aquifers?

  • They tend to have less mineral content than deeper ones.
  • They can quickly be replenished because they were saturated as limestone aquifers once were.
  • The water from shallow aquifers is unusable because of its proximity to gravel.
  • They are more extensive than limestone aquifers.

Tim: Let me wash the vegetable while you're preparing the meat.

Linda: _____

  • OK. Thank you very much.
  • Good idea. I'll do it for you.
  • Yes, please. But I can manage.
  • No problem.

A: I’m very sorry for letting you wait for so long.

B: _____

  • Don’t apologize. I’ve just arrived here.
  • It doesn’t matter. Thank you.
  • You're welcome.
  • My pleasure. Don’t worry about it.

John: Oh, I forgot my girlfriend's birthday last week.

Anne: _____

  • Not on your life.
  • So I guess you are in the doghouse again.
  • Sure, knock on wood.
  • You really should get a life.

Sara: How do you feel about his comment?

Mary: _____

  • Yes, it's a very good idea.
  • I don't think he knew what he was saying.
  • I'm afraid I disagree with you.
  • If you ask me, I feel tired.

Laura: I have got a couple of questions I would like to ask you.

Maria: _____

  • Of course not, it’s not costly.
  • Right, fire away.
  • What’s up?
  • Not at all.

Jimmy: You must have found reading my essay very tiring.

Kate: _____.

  • You are welcome
  • At all costs
  • Just in case
  • Not in the least

Choose the sentence CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given.

Her surgery appeared successful, but she remains in a precarious health situation.

  • Her recovery has proven solid, despite some complications during surgery.
  • She still has obstacles in her recuperation from the unexpected complications after her surgery.
  • After the operation, her recovery is progressing well, but she is not quite back to her old self yet.
  • She is not out of the woods yet, notwithstanding that her operation went well.

Choose the sentence CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given.

The townspeople were not aware that the factory upstream was dumping mercury into the river, so they had no idea why so many of their children were dying.

  • For a long time, the townspeople couldn’t see the link between the high mortality rate among their children and the dumping of mercury from the factory further up the river.
  • The people in the town couldn’t understand the reasons for their children’s deaths, because the factory discharging mercury into the river was so much farther up the river.
  • The reason why so many children in the town were dying was a mystery to the local residents as they didn’t know that the factory up the river was discharging mercury into it.
  • Although many children were dying, and the town’s residents didn’t know the reason why the factory that was polluting the river with mercury kept on doing so.

Choose the sentence CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given.

Permanent damage to the retina will occur if a person stares directly at the sun for more than a few moments.

  • If a person has a damaged retina, he or she can gaze straight at the sun for more than a few seconds.
  • Should it be looked at directly for longer than a few moments, the sun causes irreversible damage to the human retina.
  • If a person looks straight at the sun for over a few seconds, his or her retina may become terribly damaged.
  • Unless a person avoids looking straight at the sun, he or she is certain to suffer permanent retinal damage.

Choose the sentence CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given.

After three months of bloody fighting, the German army was driven back from Stalingrad, leaving thousands of their colleagues trapped behind.

  • Thousands of German soldiers had to be abandoned in Stalingrad as the German army was forced to retreat from the city, following a violent three-month conflict.
  • After three months of bloody conflict, most of the German army drove back to Stalingrad while thousands of their comrades remained behind.
  • The German army had to fight for three months to capture Stalingrad, but then they were forced to withdraw, leaving behind thousands of dead.
  • The German army began to retreat, after three months of bloody fighting, without even attempting to rescue thousands of soldiers kept as prisoner of war in Stalingrad.

Choose the sentence CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given.

During the early years of the American Revolution, Britain controlled the seas and its powerful fleet enabled it to blockade much of the coast and to strike wherever it chose.

  • Britain possessed such a powerful navy during the early years of the American Revolution that the Americans stood no chance against its blockades or the attacks made wherever the British wanted.
  • Since Britain had so many powerful warships, it was able to maintain control of the seas during the American Revolution by blocking access to the coast and making attacks.
  • Since Britain dominated the seas at the beginning of the American Revolution, it was able to attack any place it wanted as well as blockade most of the coast using its strong fleet.
  • Even though Britain had control of the seas, the Americans were able to defeat the British navy during the American Revolution through blockades and attacks.

Choose the sentence that best combines this pair of sentences.

The Grand Bazaar was constructed shortly after Istanbul was conquered in 1453. However, it was not open to the public until 1481.

  • It was only in 1481 that the public was allowed to use the Grand Bazaar, which was built soon after the conquest of Istanbul in 1453.
  • The public wasn’t able to use the Grand Bazaar, which was built just after the conquest of Istanbul in 1453, until quite some time after its completion in 1481.
  • Soon after the conquest of Istanbul in 1453, the construction of the Grand Bazaar started, but it was not until 1481 that it was completed and opened to the public.
  • When the Grand Bazaar was completed and opened to the public in 1481, its construction had been going on since 1453, the year when Istanbul was conquered.

Choose the sentence that best combines this pair of sentences.

Amsterdam has a reputation for tolerance and individualism. Therefore, it is the place where people of different religions and lifestyles have long been welcome.

  • People with different religions and ways of living have always been well-received in Amsterdam because it is a city known for being tolerant and supportive of personal independence.
  • People love Amsterdam because of its welcoming atmosphere towards everyone, regardless of their religion or lifestyle.
  • The people of Amsterdam have always been known for their tolerance of people who have religions different from their own as well as different ways of living their lives.
  • Amsterdam is a very tolerant city where individuals from all different backgrounds are welcomed and can live whatever kind of lifestyle they prefer.

Choose the sentence that best combines this pair of sentences.

Newcastle United play in black and white stripes with a magpie symbol. Besiktas also play in black and white stripes but their symbol is an eagle.

  • Newcastle United, with the magpie symbol, and Besiktas, with the eagle symbol, have many similarities, like both playing in black and white stripes.
  • Both the symbol of Newcastle United, which is a magpie, and that of Besiktas, which is an eagle, are in the same colours–black and white.

  • Though they have the same black and white stripes, Newcastle United is symbolized by a magpie and Besiktas by an eagle.
  • Despite having different symbols–a magpie for Newcastle United and an eagle for Besiktas–the two teams share many things, like black and white stripes.

Choose the sentence that best combines this pair of sentences.

Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean has huge carved statues, or moai. They are so amazing to look at that some people travel halfway around the world just to see them.

  • A number of people go halfway around the planet only to look at the large carved statues, called moai, on Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean, because they are so impressive to see.
  • Even though the big carved statues, or moai, on Easter Island in the Pacific are spectacular to look at, it is necessary to journey halfway around the globe to see them.
  • The large carved statues, called moai, look so impressive that while travelling around the world, some people stop on Easter Island, in the Pacific Ocean, just to see them.
  • The giant carved statues, known as moai, on Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean must be fantastic to look at if some people go halfway around the planet just to look at them.

Choose the sentence that best combines this pair of sentences.

The Roman emperor Caligula was assassinated in 41 AD, due to his cruelty and immorality. After that, his uncle Claudius was placed on the throne.

  • Claudius murdered his nephew, the Roman emperor Caligula, in 41 AD because of his brutality and immorality, and took his place on the throne himself.
  • After the people killed the Roman emperor Caligula in 41 AD because of his cruelty and immorality, his uncle Claudius put himself on the throne.
  • The cruel and immoral assassination of the Roman emperor Caligula in 41 AD left his place on the throne to be taken by his uncle Claudius.
  • The brutality and immorality of the Roman emperor Caligula caused people to kill him in 41 AD and made his uncle Claudius emperor instead.

Read the passage and choose the correct answer.

(1) _____. They are well-prepared for feeding underwater because they can see very well, (2) ______. These make sharks very dangerous for smaller sea creatures that become their food. Although sharks (3) _____ in a number of ways, their bodies are different. (4) _____, unlike other fish, most sharks need to swim all the time in order to breathe and stay alive, (5) _____. Also, if sharks are turned over on their backs, they can stop moving completely. (6) _____. It allows them to find out more about these fascinating creatures.

Choose the correct answer for (1).

  • Sharks are some of the most frightening creatures in our oceans.
  • Whales are much more dangerous than sharks in our oceans.
  • Sharks are among endangered species for several reasons.
  • Sharks should be protected for several reasons.

Choose the correct answer for (2).

  • but their movement sometimes slow
  • and they can also feel movement through special lines on the sides of their bodies
  • and the temperature can influence their movement in the water
  • and they rely only on their sense of smell to find food

Choose the correct answer for (3).

  • and other fish are uncommon
  • have no similarities with other fish
  • are compared to other fish
  • are similar to other fish

Choose the correct answer for (4).

  • For example
  • In addition
  • However
  • Moreover

Choose the correct answer for (5).

  • so they often sleep at night
  • so they often sleep when they are tired
  • so they hardly sleep at all
  • although they really need to sleep

Choose the correct answer for (6).

  • This is a very useful technique for sharks to relax
  • This is a useful technique for researchers handling sharks
  • This helps sharks become more dangerous
  • This helps scientists know how sharks catch their prey easily

A chef is experimenting with new flavors in the kitchen. He combines unusual ingredients to create innovative dishes, constantly adjusting recipes based on feedback and his own observations.

Which phrase can be used to describe his approach?

  • Exploring flavors through experimentation
  • Refining traditional techniques
  • Learning from customer preferences
  • Experimenting with established methods

Despite multiple warnings, the company continued releasing products without proper testing, ignoring customer complaints, and dismissing safety concerns. Now they face lawsuits and regulatory investigations.

Which idiom best describes their situation?

  • A blessing in disguise
  • The ball is in their court
  • Getting away with murder
  • What goes around comes around

The politician was found to have accepted illegal money. The newspapers are all reporting the story. The public is demanding an explanation. An investigation has started.

Which idiom best describes his situation?

  • Out of the woods
  • In hot water
  • In the clear
  • On firm ground

Despite having a lot of time and documents for his essay, David keeps delaying his work and has just finished the introduction because he doesn't like the topic.

Which expression best describes David's behavior?

  • He is getting down to business
  • He is jumping through hoops
  • He is dragging his feet
  • He is taking the easy way out

Write at least 250 words about the following topic:

Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than at secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.