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Fill in the most suitable words. Sometimes both options are possible.
1. He's a concert pianist, and he (can/manages to) play all Beethoven's sonatas.
2. When I lived in a small town I (was able to/could) walk almost everywhere, but now I live in the capital city I need a car.
3. They worked all night and (could/managed to) finish the report just in time.
4. The protestors (didn't manage to/couldn't) persuade the president to change the law.
5. Next year she (can/will be able to) join the club, but she's not old enough yet.
6. In my country, it (can/is able to) get very cold in the winter.
7. I was nearly late as the bus didn't come, but luckily I (could/managed to) get a taxi.
8. I hope that I (will be able to/will manage to) do some sightseeing when I'm in New York next week on business, but I've got a busy schedule.
9. She didn't get good enough grades to go to her first choice of university but she (could/was able to) get a place at another one.
Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps with a modal and the verb in brackets in the correct form.
1. While you (find) some information on the origins of soap, it is not a substance which has excited a great deal of study so far.
2. We can only assume that other activities (provide) the basis from which this key concept arose.
3. So, how is it that these primitive people from over two thousand years ago (discover) soap?
4. I carried out some experiments using basic techniques to try to find out what people without any chemical knowledge (observe).
5. I was able to demonstrate that they would indeed (make) a soap that is not dissimilar to the one we know today.
Fill in the most suitable words. Sometimes both options are possible.
1. In my office you (have to / don't have to) wear a suit but lots of people do.
2. These pills (must not / don't have to) be taken if you are under twelve years old.
3. I (must / have to) leave now because I have a meeting.
4. I (didn't need to go / needn't have gone) to the station to pick her up because she decided to get the bus, so I finished my essay instead.
5. Notice to all conference participants: Please note that you (must / have got to) register before entering the conference hall.
6. You (mustn't / don't have to) smoke inside but you can smoke outside.
7. When I was at university I (must / had to) write my assignments by hand because there weren't any computers then.
8. British dog-owners (have to / must) have passports for their dogs when they travel abroad.
9. Next year I ('ll have to / 'll must) get a job to pay back all the money I've borrowed from the bank for my university fees.
10. The interview went really well so I (didn't need to worry / needn't have worried) about it so much beforehand.
Fill in the gaps below with the correct form of (not) have to, must, (not) need or should.
1. A: I'm going to Florence next week so I to buy a guidebook.
B: Ah, well, you're in luck. You buy a book because I’ve got a small guide to Florence I can lend you.
2. A: What's Mike doing these days?
B: He's studying really hard. He pass his exams in order to get the promotion his company has promised him.
3. A: (you) wear a uniform at work?
B: Yes, and I find it rather strange because I've never worn one before. When I was at school we wear a uniform although the girls wear skirts and not trousers.
4. A: The rules for university fees have just changed. I was really lucky because I pay for my education, but unfortunately my brother pay when he goes to university next year.
B: Yes, I know. My sister will be affected too.
5. A: The bread's in the oven. Can you remind me to get it out in 20 minutes? I forget like last time when I burnt the loaf.
B: I'm sorry. I'm afraid I go now, so I won't be able to remind you. Can't you set a timer?
A: Oh (you/really) go? I'd hoped you'd stay to lunch and have some of my bread!
6. A: I've just joined the tennis club. They've got all sorts of rules, you know.
B: Really? Like what?
A: Well, you wear white clothes on the courts, of course. But the really silly rule is that you turn your mobile off as soon as you arrive at the club. I don't want to do that - what if I'm needed at work or something?
B: Perhaps they don't know you're a doctor. You tell them.
Read the extract from an Academic Writing Task 2. Decide if the underlined phrases are correct or not. Tick (x) them if they are right and correct them if they are wrong.
Pollution is causing enormous problems all over the world these days. Governments (1) need to act quickly to stop this problem before it is too late.
The first thing I believe we (2) absolutely should do is reduce the amount we use our cars. Our governments (3) must to encourage us to use public transport. In my country, public transport is not very reliable, so the first thing that governments (4) have to do is to ensure that buses and trains are a viable alternative to the can. They (5) also should reduce the costs to the public of travelling on public transport.
However, it is not only the government that (6) needs to make an effort. All of us (7) should make some effort to reduce pollution. First of all, we (8) ought try to walk or cycle if we can, rather than using our cars. In the past, people (9) must walk or cycle because they did not have cars. It is a shame that we have become so dependent on cars now. Second, we (10) should trying to share car use with our friends and colleagues.
All of us (11) will must make some changes to our lives if we want to reduce pollution. Fortunately, we (12) mustn't make big changes to make big improvements in the situation.
| (1) | (7) |
| (2) | (8) |
| (3) | (9) |
| (4) | (10) |
| (5) | (11) |
| (6) | (12) |
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of (not) have to, ought to or must(n't) and the verbs in brackets.
Teacher: Do you think it's a good thing for young people to travel to different countries before settling down to a job?
Student: Yes, I think it's a really exciting and interesting thing to do.
Teacher: What (you/think) about if you're going to go travelling?
Student: Well, you (consider) lots of things first. For example, you (have) enough money in the first place, so you (work) a bit first to save some money. Then another important thing to consider is who to go with. You (travel) with a friend, but it is probably safer and less lonely if you do. Also, you (learn) a bit about the countries before you go. It's a good idea to research cultural issues so that you don't offend people by your behaviour. If you go to Nepal, for example, you (shout) or raise your voice in public, and you (always/walk) around a Buddhist temple in a clockwise direction. You (find out) these things before you go.
Teacher: What things (you/arrange) before you travel?
Student: Well, to visit some countries you (have) a visa, so you (organise) that before you go.