[IELTS 5.] Unit 13.1 - Grammar

1/19/2021 5:00:00 PM

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Complete the spaces in the following text using the given words.

LIFE DURING THE ICE AGE

During the Ice Age in Europe, approximately 15,000 years ago, the winter weather was bleak. However, modern humans found ingenious methods for managing this extreme cold. In fact, these humans been the first to develop a range of skills and technological advances that are still with us today! Due to the freezing temperatures, these humans create things that could protect them from the environment. Early Europeans used the skin and bones from wild animals to make clothing and shelter.

Thankfully, they worry so much about their food. They kill their food effectively as they had developed sophisticated tools. When food was abundant, they buried supplies in the permafrost; an ancient form of deep-freezing. The unfortunate thing about their hunting and survival skills was that they slaughtered many of the animals to extinction. All we now have to remember them by is the cave paintings. Perhaps it could be argued that they killed these animals, but we cannot say what we would have done in the same situation.

Although life been easy for these people, they managed to survive and introduce art, language and behaviours that characterize people today; we owe a lot to their developments.

 

Replace the underlined phrases with a suitable past modal phrase.

The mummy of Djedmaatesankh, a young woman from the ninth century BC, lies behind a glass display in the Royal Ontario Museum. 2,800 years ago she lived in Thebes with her husband on the east bank of the river Nile. They were well-off, although as a double-income couple without children, (1) it is likely they were rather unusual. Diedmaatesankh was a musician at the great Temple of Amun-Re at nearby Karnak, where her husband was a temple doorkeeper. (2) It is possible that their jobs at the temple provided the couple with a small wage and other benefits to supplement their main income from a piece of fertile Nile land on which (3) it is possible that they grew crops of barley, sesame, or dates.

We can only guess at what Djedmaatesankh's life would have been like, and try to imagine what her problems were. (4) It is possible she was anxious about her inability to have children and certainly, as she approached her thirties, (5) it is highly likely that she worried about her health. 

Looking upon a face from so long ago, a face not unlike that of any other young woman in Egypt today ties us more personally to history. In a way that (6) was impossible for her to imagine, Djedmaatesankh has achieved a degree of fame in our 21st century, appearing in dozens of newspapers and magazines.

(1) (4)
(2) (5)
(3) (6)

Look! The yard is wet. It ______ last night. 

 
  • couldn’t have rained
  • must rain
  • must have rained
  • should rain

- What did I do wrong?

- _______

  • You didn't have to connect these two wires.
  • You shouldn't connect these two wires like that
  • You shouldn't have connected these two wires.
  • You mustn't connect these two wires like that.

You look exhausted. You ____ in the garden all day.

  • must have worked
  • must be working
  • can't have worked
  • must have been working

They ____ have seen the play last night as they went to a football match instead.

  • could
  • must
  • might
  • can't

We found the exam extremely easy. We _____ so hard.

 
  • needn’t study
  • needn’t be studying
  • needn’t have studied
  • needn’t have been studied

They were at the stadium with us last night, so they _____ at the theatre then.

  • needn't have been
  • should have been
  • might have been
  • can't have been

I've been waiting for hours. You ______ to tell me you would come late.

  • ought not to have phoned
  • must have phoned
  • should have phoned
  • needn't have phoned

Adrian got surprisingly high grades in the final exam. He ______ his lessons very carefully.

  • would have revised
  • needn't have revised
  • can't have revised
  • must have revised

She ______ the flowers. If she had, they wouldn't have died.

 
  • may not have watered
  • shouldn't have watered
  • can't have watered
  • might not have watered

John failed again. He _____ harder.

 
  • must have tried
  • should have tried
  • can't have tried
  • may have tried

Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the following sentence.

I’m sure Luisa was very disappointed when she failed the exam.

  • Luisa must be very disappointed when she failed the exam.
  • Luisa must have been very disappointed when she failed the exam.
  • Luisa may be very disappointed when she failed the exam.
  • Luisa could have been very disappointed when she failed the exam.

Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to this sentence.

I should have finished my work last night but I was exhausted.

  • I finished my work last night though I was exhausted.
  • I was exhausted so I didn't finish my work yesterday as planned.
  • Last night I was exhausted but I tried to finish my work.
  • My work was finished last night but I was exhausted.