You will hear a woman called Angela Thomas, who works for a wildlife organization, talking about the spectacled bear. Complete each of the sentences with ONE WORD OR A NUMBER taken from the recording.
SPECTACLED BEAR
Angela is especially concerned about wildlife conservation. She works with many organizations looking after animals both in captivity and in the .
The spectacled bear's markings vary greatly from one bear to another and can be found on its eyes as well as its cheeks and .
Angela is extremely pleased by evidence that spectacled bears have been seen in parts of Argentina and eastern Panama.
Spectacled bears' habitats can range from dry coastal deserts to high mountain areas, but the bears usually live in the .
What Angela finds surprising is that unlike many other types of bear, spectacled bears don't during the winter.
Due to the fact that they are hunted by other animals and their habitats are destroyed, spectacled bears are endangered with only about ones still around.
Normally, the bears eat tree bark and as they are primarily vegetarian.
Spectacled bears are good climbers; they have been known to sit up a tree for days to wait for fruit to ripen.
When the bears eat meat, they much prefer mice although they do eat other creatures.
Angela recommends that people should read the amusing of the man who spent a long time studying the bears to understand more the dangers facing the animals.
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
architect
parachute
chaos
psychology
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
bilingual
flexible
variety
satellite
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Don't be _____ by misleading advertisements.
So _____ in her work was she that she didn't hear us come in.
_____ I'd like to help you out, I'm afraid I just haven't got any spare money at the moment.
Because it all happened _____, he couldn’t give the officer an accurate description of his attackers.
All our work and planning went by the _____ after our funding was pulled.
Jimmy _____ his chances of passing by spending too much time on the first part of the test.
Brian was _____ pressure from his boss to finish the project by the deadline.
The accident wouldn't have occurred _____.
By the end of this month, they _____ into their new apartment in Rolling street.
Later, I learned that they objected ______ the meeting before a decision was taken. Some of them were accusing me of irresponsibility.
We didn't plan to _____ a bear on our walk, but there it was!
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
gases like carbon dioxide and methane trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere. (HOUSE)
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
The teacher warned the student several times before calling his parents. (OBEY)
Complete the following sentence with the correct form of the word in brackets.
The magazine has an annual (SUBSCRIBE) fee of $90.
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
The new app allows you to transfer money to anyone worldwide. (INSTANT)
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
Would phone conversations for cozy chats after work? (SUBSTITUTION)
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
Tourism is said to be a industry and provides significant income for the country. (SMOKE)
Complete the following sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses.
I really didn't mean to offend her - I just said it . (THINK)
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
He with his parents in 1895 and grew up on Long Island. (IMMIGRANT)
Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in capitals.
He is credited with several new literary forms. (INITIATOR)
Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits into the blank in each sentence.
Parental is often considered essential before students embark on study abroad programs. (APPROVE)
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Every day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force - both online and on foot - searching frantically for the perfect gift. Last year, Americans spent over $30 billion at retail stores in the month of December alone. Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, graduations, and baby showers. This frequent experience of gift-giving can engender ambivalent feelings in gift-givers. Many relish the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds with one’s closest peers. At the same time, many dread the thought of buying gifts; they worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients.
Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel (1993), gift-giving represents an objective waste of resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as ‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”). To wit, givers are likely to spend $100 to purchase a gift that receivers would spend only $80 to buy themselves. This ‘‘deadweight loss” suggests that gift-givers are not very good at predicting what gifts others will appreciate. That in itself is not surprising to social psychologists. Research has found that people often struggle to take account of others’ perspectives - their insights are subject to egocentrism, social projection, and multiple attribution errors.
What is surprising is that gift-givers have considerable experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this - that is, that gift-givers equate how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift (the more expensive the gift, the stronger a gift-recipient’s feelings of appreciation). Although a link between gift price and feelings of appreciation might seem intuitive to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less inclined to base their feelings of appreciation on the magnitude of a gift than givers assume.
Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that bigger (that is, more expensive) gifts convey stronger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer (1988) and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual, whereby gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes toward the intended recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a future relationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal” to their intended recipient. As for gift‑recipients, they may not construe smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.
In paragraph 1, the word “ambivalent” most nearly means _______.
The author indicates that people value gift-giving because they feel it _____.
According to paragraph 2, what can be inferred about the thoughts of social psychologists toward gift-givers?
The word “this” in paragraph 3 refers to gift-givers’_____.
The author refers to work by Camerer and others (paragraph 4) in order to _____.
Choose the word or phrase that best fits each blank in the following passage.
On a yearly , the USA is afflicted by hurricanes on the east coast, flooding in the Midwest, forest fires, earthquakes and any number of tornadoes, blizzards, and storms. Historically, the weather has as harsh a chord in people's lives as any we feel today. Historians list the four major events to wreak devastation the country as the Chicago fire in 1871, the Johnstown flood and the Galveston hurricane of 1900, and San Francisco earthquake in 1906. These provide a flavor of the havoc that natures storms have wrecked on humanity and our reactions to them. Galveston, Texas, on the island of Galveston in the Gulf of New Mexico, thrives on industry and exports. It's over 30,000 citizens in the early 1900s were generally economically successful and comfortable with existing conditions. the ill-fated morning of Sept. 7, 1900, the people of Galveston enjoyed their life on the remote island. weather watchers had been following a storm in the Atlantic for several days and were warning of the impending danger of a hurricane. Unfortunately, people the warnings. A day after the hurricane had hit the island, all that remained of the beautiful city was a mass of crumbled buildings, debris and hopeless survivors aimlessly with the stench of rotting flesh all around. However, a few days later, that the city was beginning to heal became evident everywhere - soon new buildings were overwhelming the burned, and the lifeblood of the ravaged city was returning.
Find one suitable word in each blank to complete the following passage.
A NEW CRUISE SHIP
One (0) of the biggest passenger ships in history, the Island Princess, carries people on cruises around the Caribbean. More than double weight of the Titanic (the large passenger ship which sank in 1912), it was large to be built in one piece. Instead, forty-eight sections total were made in different places. The ship was then put together from these sections at a shipbuilding yard in Italy.
The huge weight of the Island Princess is partly due to her enormous height, is an incredible forty-one meters. When compared with the Titanic, she is also a much broader ship. As far as length is concerned, there's a great difference, each ship being over two hundred and fifty metres long.
The Island Princess can carry to 2,600 passengers and has 1,321 cabins, including twenty-five specially designed use by disabled passengers. There is entertainment on board to suit age and interest, from dancing to drama. The Island Princess seems very likely to be a popular holiday choice for many years to come even though most people will to save up in order to be to afford the trip.
(Adapted from FCE)
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
Mary Rinehart was a pioneer in the field of journalist in the early twentieth century.
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
The rock formations in the Valley of Fire in Nevada has been worn into many strange shapes by the action of wind and water.
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
Women get jobs to support their families as well as to be independently.
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
Being that he was a good swimmer, John managed to rescue the child.
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
The function of pain is to warn the individual of danger so he can take action to avoid more serious damage.
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
It can be concluded from the research, heart diseases correlate with smoking.
=> The research shows a ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
Why don’t you consider our suggestion before making the official decision?
=> Why don’t you think ..........?
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
You can't know how hard it is to have a novel published until you try.
=> Once you've …….
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
It is too late to go to the football match now.
=> There is ...........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
“Please don’t run so fast!” Suzy begged her friend.
=> Suzy pleaded ..............
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
“Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked me.
=> He suggested that under the seat.
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
People believe that the Chinese invented paper in 105 A.D.
=> Paper is by the Chinese in 105 A.D.
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
He is proud of his loyalty to his friends.
=> He prides to his friends.
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
Nancy was surprised to be offered a pay rise by the company.
=> Much , the company offered her a pay rise.
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
The suspect could not explain why he had sand on his boots.
=> The suspect could not account .