You will hear part of a talk by a writer who has written a book about bread.
Complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS / A NUMBER for each answer.
OUR DAILY BREAD
Supermarket believe that baking bread on the premises attracts customers.
About of bread in Britain is no longer baked in the old-fashioned way. In the past, it took for the yeast to ferment. Nowadays, the fermentation process is faster, and less is used. Unless is added, bread baked in the modern way is .
Calcium propionate can be sprayed on the bread to prevent it from going . The speaker believes certain may be caused by modern bread-making methods.
supermarkets on the sale of bread.
Listen to the audio and fill in the blanks with the correct letters.
You will hear five short extracts in which people whose jobs involve travelling talk about their work.
While you listen, you must complete BOTH tasks. You will hear the audio TWICE.
TASK ONE
Choose from the list A-H what job each person has.
|
A. a musician B. a journalist C. a sports person D. a technical trouble shooter E. an ecologist F. a sales representative G. a translator H. an airline pilot |
Speaker 1: Speaker 2: Speaker 3: Speaker 4: Speaker 5: |
TASK TWO
Choose from the list A-H what view each speaker is expressing.
|
A. I'm pleased if I can settle misunderstandings. B. I'm glad to get a break from the office. C. I worry about having a negative impact. D. I wouldn't be able to tolerate a desk job. E. I get bored if I'm not constantly travelling. F. I'm happy that I can make friends easily. G. I'm excited to go on overseas assignments. H. I enjoy communicating when I'm abroad. |
Speaker 1: Speaker 2: Speaker 3: Speaker 4: Speaker 5: |
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
charlatan
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
utensil
tumultuous
unanimous
humiliate
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Choose the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress.
Lake Victoria in Africa is the world’s _____ fresh water lake.
In 1959, the political philosopher Hannah Arendt became the first woman ______ a full professor at Princeton University.
Just give me _____ of the conversion plans for the house and tell me what it will cost.
We're a bit _____ at the moment, so we're not thinking about holidays.
These volunteer programmes aim to provide education for children in ______ regions.
They are no good together and are having _____ rows with each other almost every day.
When he started that company, he really went _____. It might have been a disaster.
It _____ to reason that Jason passed the exam with flying colours on account of his working hard during the term.
The work area _____ cordoned off. Some passers-by could have been injured.
David began to open the parcels. Inside the first _____.
When I decided to study two foreign languages at the same time, I knew I _____ off more than I could chew.
Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
1. We are hoping to _____ a good deal of money with this scheme.
2. The purpose of the campaign is to _____ awareness of some very important issues.
3. Her controversial article is bound to _____ hackles.
=> Answer:
Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
1. She's getting through her winnings at a _____ of knots.
2. We're stuck in traffic, and at this _____ we're going to arrive late.
3. The crime _____ has risen alarmingly in the last five years.
=> Đáp án:
Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in three sentences.
1. They have all been chosen for their comfort, good food and _____ wines.
2. He was walking a _____ line between being funny and being rude.
3. He was ordered to compensate all of the victims of the fire and pay a heavy _____.
=> Đáp án:
Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
1. A leopard can _____ a lot of ground very quickly.
2. The fee is meant to _____ the costs of processing requests and maintaining the database.
3. She had always liked the idea of being a _____ girl.
=> Đáp án:
Complete the idiom/phrasal verb in each sentence by using a verb in column A and a particle in column B. You should use the correct form of the verbs. There are more verbs and particles than necessary.
| Column A | Column B |
|
go | pull | turn | make | put | follow | take | give |
with | in | out | off | to | over | for | at |
1. Her friends felt offended whenever she them .
2. She her mother's footsteps, starting her own business.
3. The council has the green light the new shopping centre.
4. The child his sleeve to get his attention.
5. I've the house inside but I still can't find my keys.
6. We were in a hurry so we had to do a quick snack.
Complete the text by changing the form of the word in capitals.
Two million followers — really?
Some users of Twitter have thousands of followers. Clearly, they are fascinating people. But some of their followers are pretty silent and (RESPOND); in fact, they don’t seem remotely interested in the (CONTRIBUTE) of the person they are following. And there’s a reason for this: they are (FABRICATE), added to the person’s account by companies that sell fake social media followers to anyone hoping to boost their reputation. The number of followers a user has is often seen as an indicator of their social influence or (POPULAR). Therefore, people such as artists or aspiring musicians might not find the idea (APPEAL). Having thousands of followers could enhance their image as a (DESIRE) commodity and even lead to offers of work. Although it’s not (LEGAL) to sell followers, and it can be lucrative, somehow it feels (ETHIC) and unsatisfying. If your followers are fake, they don’t care about you – and certainly don’t read your comments. So what’s the point of tweeting at all?
Read the passage and decide which answer best fits each gap.
Changing Typefaces
In what can only be described as an impressive piece of research, a schoolboy in the USA has calculated that the state and federal governments could save getting on for $400m a year by changing the typeface they use for printed documents.
Shocked by the number of printed handouts he was receiving from his teachers, the 14-year-old boy decided to investigate the cost. He established that ink up to 60% of the cost of a printed page and is, gram for gram, twice as expensive as some famous perfumes. He then started looking at the different typefaces and discovered that, by to one called Garamond with its thin, elegant strokes, his school district could reduce its ink by 24% annually. Working on that , the federal savings would be enormous.
, earlier studies of the issue of font choice have shown that it can affect more than just cost. The typeface that a document uses also how much of the information is retained and whether it is worth taking seriously.
Read the passage carefully and then fill ONE suitable word in each gap.
On the hunt for the best young female entrepreneurs
Founded in 1972, the Veuve Clicquot Business Woman Award is celebrated in 27 countries. Veuve Clicquot has now introduced a new award complement its Business Woman of the Year category. Called The New Generation Award, it recognizes the best young female talent across business and corporate life.
The first winner of the award, Kathryn Parsons, whose innovative start-up company, Decoded, teaches people to code in a day, has joined the judging panel to help find this year’s winner. ‘The importance of these awards cannot be overestimated’ she says. ‘Women need role models that prove to that they can do it, too.’
The New Generation Award is to entrepreneurial businesswomen between the ages of 25 and 35. They can run their own businesses or hail from corporate life. ‘This award isn’t about how much money you’ve made or how long you’ve been in business, it’s about recognizing young women a mission and a vision,’ says Parsons. ‘We want to meet women who are working to the world a better place.’
You are going to read an article about facial expressions. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A – G the one which fits each gap. There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
A. But once he had spotted the first one, he soon found three more examples in that same interview. ‘And that,’ says Ekman, ‘was the discovery of microexpressions; very fast, intense expressions of concealed emotion.’
B. Ekman, incidentally, professes to be ‘a terrible liar’ and observes that although some people are plainly more accomplished liars than others, he cannot teach anyone how to lie. ‘The ability to detect a lie and the ability to lie successfully are completely unrelated,’ he says. But how can what he has learned help crime-solving?
C. But how reliable are Ekman’s methods? ‘Microexpressions,’ he says, ‘are only part of a whole set of possible deception indicators. There are also what we call subtle expressions. A very slight tightening of the lips, for example, is the most reliable sign of anger. You need to study a person’s whole demeanor: gesture, voice, posture, gaze and also, of course, the words themselves.’
D. You also know, of course, that psychiatric patients routinely make such claims and that some, if they are granted temporary leave, will cause harm to themselves or others. But this particular patient swears they are telling the truth. They look, and sound, sincere. So here’s the question; is there any way you can be sure they are telling the truth?
E. Generally, though, the lies that interest Ekman are those in which ‘the threat of loss or punishment to the liar is severe: loss of job, loss of reputation, loss of spouse, loss of freedom’. Also those where the target would feel properly aggrieved if they knew.
F. ‘Suppose,’ Ekman posits, ‘my wife has been found murdered in our hotel. How would I react when the police questioned me? My demeanor might well be consistent with a concealed emotion. That could be because I was guilty or because I was extremely angry at being a suspect, yet frightened of showing anger because I knew it might make the police think I was guilty.’
G. The facial muscles triggered by those seven basic emotions are, he has shown, essentially the same, regardless of language and culture, from the US to Japan, Brazil to Papua New Guinea. What is more, expressions of emotion are involuntary; they are almost impossible to suppress or conceal. We can try, of course.
Do fleeting changes of facial expression show whether someone is telling lies?
Forty years ago, research psychologist Dr Paul Ekman was addressing a group of young psychiatrists in training when he was asked a question whose answer has kept him busy pretty much ever since. Suppose you are working in a psychiatric hospital like this one and a patient who has previously been aggressive comes to you. ‘I’m feeling much better now,’ the patient says. ‘Can I have a pass out for the weekend?’
It set Ekman thinking. As part of his research, he had already recorded a series of twelve-minute interviews with patients at the hospital. In a subsequent conversation, one of the patients told him that she had lied to him. So Ekman sat and looked at the film. Nothing. He slowed it down and looked again. Slowed it further. And suddenly, there, across just two frames, he saw it: a vivid, intense expression of extreme anguish.
Over the course of the next four decades, Ekman successfully demonstrated a proposition first suggested by Charles Darwin: that the ways in which we express anger, disgust, contempt, fear, surprise, happiness and sadness are both innate and universal.
However, particularly when we are lying, ‘micro expressions’ of powerfully felt emotions will invariably flit across our faces before we get a chance to stop them. Fortunately for liars, as many as ninety-nine percent of people will fail to spot these fleeting signals of inner torment. But given a bit of training, Ekman says, almost anyone can develop the skill.
The psychologist’s techniques, he concedes, can only be a starting point for criminal investigators applying them. ‘All they show is that someone’s lying,’ he says. ‘You have to question very carefully because what you really want to know is why they are lying. No expression of emotion, micro or macro, reveals exactly what is triggering it.’ He gives an example.
Plus there are lies and lies. Ekman defines a lie as being a deliberate choice and intent to mislead, and with no notification that this is what is occurring. ‘An actor or a poker player isn’t a liar,’ he says. ‘They’re supposed to be deceiving you – it’s part of the game. I focus on serious lies: where the consequences for the liar are grave if they’re found out.’
Just read micro expressions and subtle expressions correctly, however, and Ekman reckons your accuracy in detecting an attempt at deception will increase dramatically. However, when it comes to spotting really serious lies – those that could, for example, affect national security – he says simply that he ‘does not believe we have solid evidence that anything else works better than chance.’ Is he lying? I couldn’t tell.
Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.
The vast expansion in international trade owes much to a revolution in the business of moving freight
A. International trade is growing at a startling pace. While the global economy has been expanding at a bit over 3% a year, the volume of trade has been rising at a compound annual rate of about twice that. Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world, and foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nation’s borders.
B. What lies behind this explosion in international commerce? The general worldwide decline in trade barriers, such as customs duties and import quotas, is surely one explanation. The economic opening of countries that have traditionally been minor players is another. But one force behind the import-export boom has passed all but unnoticed: the rapidly falling cost of getting goods to market. Theoretically, in the world of trade, shipping costs do not matter. Goods, once they have been made, are assumed to move instantly and at no cost from place to place. The real world, however, is full of frictions. Cheap labor may make Chinese clothing competitive in America, but if delays in shipment tie up working capital and cause winter coats to arrive in spring, trade may lose its advantages.
C. At the turn of the 20th century, agriculture and manufacturing were the two most important sectors almost everywhere, accounting for about 70% of total output in Germany, Italy and France, and 40-50% in America, Britain and Japan. International commerce was therefore dominated by raw materials, such as wheat, wood and iron ore, or processed commodities, such as meat and steel. But these sorts of products are heavy and bulky and the cost of transporting them is relatively high.
D. Countries still trade disproportionately with their geographic neighbors. Over time, however, world output has shifted into goods whose worth is unrelated to their size and weight. Today, it is finished manufactured products that dominate the flow of trade, and, thanks to technological advances such as lightweight components, manufactured goods themselves have tended to become lighter and less bulky. As a result, less transportation is required for every dollar’s worth of imports or exports.
E. To see how this influences trade, consider the business of making disk drives for computers. Most of the world’s disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in Southeast Asia. This is possible only because disk drives, while valuable, are small and light and so cost little to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market. Distance therefore poses no obstacle to the globalization of the disk-drive industry.
F. This is even more true of the fast-growing information industries. Films and compact discs cost little to transport, even by aeroplane. Computer software can be ‘exported’ without ever loading it onto a ship, simply by transmitting it over telephone lines from one country to another, so freight rates and cargo-handling schedules become insignificant factors in deciding where to make the product. Businesses can locate based on other considerations, such as the availability of labor, while worrying less about the cost of delivering their output.
International trade is increasing at a greater rate than the world economy.
Cheap labor guarantees effective trade conditions.
Most countries continue to prefer to trade with nearby nations.
Small computer components are manufactured in Germany.
The reading passage has six paragraphs labeled A-F. Write letter A-F in the blanks. You may use any letter more than once.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
1. the effects of the introduction of electronic delivery:
2. the similar cost involved in transporting a product from abroad or from a local supplier:
3. the weakening relationship between the value of goods and the cost of their delivery:
4. the rate of industry growth:
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
It is reported that Vietnam had complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic.
=> Vietnam is ...........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
You should take the train instead of the bus.
=> If ...........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
Although I didn’t want to go out so late, I had no choice.
=> Reluctant ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
She was so famous that everyone voted for her.
=> Such ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first.
Longer life spans also increase the prevalence of generation gaps.
=> The longer ..........
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word in a bracket. You must use between THREE and FIVE words, including the word given. Do not change the word given.
Ben's lost everything due to his risky investment in a failed company. (FARM)
=> Ben's broke now because he a failed business.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word in a bracket. You must use between THREE and FIVE words, including the word given. Do not change the word given.
That higher oil prices are bad for economic growth is a widely held belief. (WISDOM)
=> higher oil prices are bad for economic growth.
Complete the second sentence using the word given so that it has the same meaning to the first. Write between THREE AND SIX words in the space provided. Do not change the word given in blankets in any way.
Organic vegetables are said to be very healthy. (WONDERS)
=> Organic vegetables are our health.
Complete the second sentence using the word given so that it has the same meaning to the first. Write between THREE AND SIX words in the space provided. Do not change the word given in blankets in any way.
They hired private investigators to find unfavorable information about their political opponents. (DIG)
=> They hired private investigators their political opponents.
Complete the second sentence, using the word given so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Do NOT change the word given in brackets in any way.
She vividly described the expedition and that made it seem exciting. (LIFE)
Write an academic essay of about 250 words on the following topic.
Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are six or seven years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.