Dạng bài Word form/formation (thành lập từ phù hợp từ từ gốc cho sẵn) sẽ trở nên dễ dàng hơn nếu bạn "nằm lòng" các word families thông dụng trong tiếng Anh. Mỗi khi học một từ mới, bạn nên học tất cả các từ loại liên quan, bao gồm cả tiền tố hoặc hậu tố cấu tạo từ trái nghĩa. Vốn từ vựng rộng rãi có được từ thói quen đó sẽ giúp bạn linh hoạt, uyển chuyển hơn khi nói hoặc viết tiếng Anh.
Word family (họ từ) là những từ có cùng gốc nghĩa, gồm một từ gốc và các từ thuộc loại từ khác (danh từ/tính từ/trạng từ/động từ) được thành lập bằng cách thêm tiền tố hoặc hậu tố nào đó vào từ gốc.
Ví dụ: từ gốc beaut có thể dùng để thành lập ra danh từ beauty, động từ beautify, tính từ beautiful, và trạng từ beautifully.
👉 Word family là gì? Word formation là gì? Làm thế nào để làm tốt dạng bài Word formation?
Để biết các từ khác loại cùng gốc với một từ, dễ dàng đạt điểm tuyệt đối dạng bài Word form, bạn có thể tra cứu trong bảng danh sách các word families phổ dụng mà TAK12 đã tổng hợp sau đây.
Danh sách này không bao gồm:
- Các động tính từ, tức là dạng phân từ -ing hoặc -ed của động từ, ví dụ động từ interest => tính từ interesting hoặc tính từ interested
- Các form của động từ khi được biến đối theo các thì (verb tense) khác nhau.
[%Included.Dangky%]
-A-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
enable |
ability |
able, unable |
ably |
|
absence, absentee |
absent |
|
|
accident |
accidental |
|
accommodate |
accomodation |
|
|
acknowledge |
acknowledgement |
|
|
act |
action, activity, activist, actress, actor |
active, inactive |
|
activate |
activation |
|
|
add |
addition, additive |
additional, additive |
|
|
adequacy, inadequacy |
adequate, inadequate |
|
admire |
admiration |
admirable |
admirably |
|
advantage, disadvantage |
advantageous, disadvantageous |
|
advertise |
advertisement, advertiser |
|
|
admit |
admission, admittance |
|
|
adopt |
adoption |
|
|
advise |
advice, advisability |
advisable, inadvisable |
advisably, inadvisably |
|
affection |
affectionate, unaffectionate |
|
affect |
effect |
effective, ineffective |
|
agree, disagree |
agreement, disagreement |
agreeable, disagreeable |
agreeably, disagreeably |
|
alcohol |
alcoholic |
alcoholically |
allow |
allowance |
|
|
|
ambition |
ambitious |
|
amuse |
amusement |
|
|
annoy |
annoyance |
|
|
excite |
excitement |
|
|
|
anxiety |
anxious |
|
apologise |
apology |
apologetic |
apologetically |
appear, disappear |
appearance, disappearance |
apparent |
apparently |
applaud |
applause, applauder |
|
|
apply |
application, applicant |
applicable |
applicably |
appoint |
appointment |
|
|
appreciate |
appreciation |
appreciative |
|
approve, disapprove |
approval, disapproval |
|
|
argue |
argument, argumentation |
arguable, argumentative |
arguably |
arrange |
arrangement |
|
|
arrive |
arrival |
|
|
assist |
assistance |
|
|
associate |
association |
|
|
assume |
assumption |
|
|
astonish |
astonishment |
|
|
attend |
attendance |
|
|
|
attention |
attentive |
|
attract |
attraction, attractiveness, unattractiveness |
attractive, unattractive |
|
avoid |
avoidance |
avoidable, unavoidable |
avoidably, unavoidably |
-B-
VERBS |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
base |
base, basic |
basically |
basis |
beautify |
beauty, beautician |
beautiful |
beautifully |
believe |
belief, disbelief |
believable, unbelievable |
believably, unbelievably |
bleed |
blood |
|
|
|
bravery |
brave |
|
breathe |
breath |
breathless |
|
broaden |
breadth |
broad |
|
brighten |
brightness |
bright |
|
|
brilliance |
brilliant |
|
burry |
burial |
|
|
-C-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
calculate |
calculation, calculator |
|
|
|
caution |
cautious |
|
change |
change, changeability |
changeable |
unchangeable |
|
child, childhood |
childish, childlike |
|
choose |
choice |
|
|
circle |
circle |
circular |
|
civilise |
civiilsation, civics |
civil, civic, civilised, uncivilised |
|
classify |
class, classification |
|
|
enclose |
enclosure |
|
|
collect |
collection, collector |
collective |
|
comfort |
comfort, discomfort |
comfortable, uncomfortable |
comfortably, uncomfortably |
compare |
comparison |
comparative, comparable |
comparably |
compel |
compulsion |
compulsory |
compulsorily |
compete |
competition, competitor |
competitive |
|
complete |
completion |
complete, imcomplete |
|
compose |
composition, composer |
|
|
conclude |
conclusion |
|
|
confirm |
confirmation |
|
|
confide |
confidence |
confident, unconfident, confidential |
|
confess |
confession |
|
|
confirm |
confirmation |
confirmed, unconfirmed |
|
confuse |
confusion |
|
|
congratulate |
congratulation |
|
|
|
consciousness, unconsciousness |
conscious, unconscious |
|
conserve |
conservation |
|
|
consider |
consideration |
considerable, inconsiderable |
considerably, inconsiderably |
construct |
construction |
constructive |
|
consume |
consumption |
|
|
continue, discontinue |
continuation, discontinuation |
continuous, discontinuous, continual |
|
|
convenience, inconvenience |
convenient, inconvenient |
|
converse |
conversation |
conversational |
|
cook |
cook cooker |
cookery |
|
correct |
correction |
correct, incorrect, corrective |
|
encourage, discourage |
courage, encouragement, discouragement |
courageous |
|
|
cowardice |
coward |
|
create |
creation, creature, creator |
creative |
|
|
crime, criminal |
criminal |
|
criticize |
critic, criticism |
critical |
|
|
curiosity |
curious |
|
|
cruelty |
cruel |
|
|
custom |
customary |
|
-D-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
damage |
damage |
|
|
endanger |
danger |
dangerous |
|
darken |
darkness |
dark |
|
|
day |
daily |
|
deafen |
deafness |
deaf |
|
|
deceit |
deceitful |
|
decide |
decision |
decisive, indecisive |
|
decorate |
decoration, decorator |
|
|
deepen |
depth |
deep |
|
defend |
defence, defendant |
defensive, indefensible |
indefensibly |
deliver |
delivery |
deliverable, undeliverable |
|
depend |
dependence, independence |
dependent, independent |
|
describe |
description |
descriptive, describable, indescribable |
|
destroy |
destruction |
destructive, non-destructive |
|
determine |
determination |
determined, undetermined |
|
develop |
development |
|
|
dictate |
dictation |
dictatorial |
|
die |
death |
dead deadly |
|
differ |
difference |
different |
|
differentiate |
differentiation |
|
|
direct |
direction, director, directory |
direct, indirect |
|
discover |
discovery |
|
|
discuss |
discussion |
|
|
|
distance |
distant |
|
distribute |
distribution |
|
|
disturb |
disturbance |
|
|
divide |
division |
divisive |
|
doubt |
doubt |
doubtful |
|
|
dust duster |
dusty |
|
-E-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
ease |
easy |
easily |
economise |
economy, economics |
economic, economical, uneconomical |
|
educate |
education |
educational |
|
|
efficiency |
efficient, inefficient |
|
elect |
election |
|
|
electrify |
electricity, electrician |
electric, electrical |
|
embarrass |
embarrassment |
|
|
employ |
employment, unemployment, employee, employer |
|
|
enjoy |
enjoyment |
enjoyable |
enjoyably |
enter |
entrance |
|
|
enthuse |
enthusiasm, enthusiast |
enthusiastic, unethusiastic |
enthusiastically, unenthusiastically |
equalise |
equalisation, equality, inequality |
equal, unequal |
equally |
except |
exception |
|
|
exhibit |
exhibition |
|
|
|
expense |
expensive, inexpensive |
|
explain |
explanation |
explanatory, explicable, inexplicable |
|
explode |
explosion |
explosive |
|
express |
expression |
|
|
extend |
extension |
extensive |
extensively |
|
extinction |
extinct |
|
-F-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
fail |
failure |
|
|
falsify |
falsity, falsehood |
false |
|
|
fame |
famous, infamous |
famously |
|
fashion |
fashionable, unfashionable |
fashionably, unfashionably |
fatten |
fat, fatness |
fat, fattening |
|
|
fault |
faulty, faultless |
faultily |
favor |
favor, favorite |
favorable, unfavourable, favoured, favorite |
favorably, unfavorably |
fear |
fear, fearlessness |
afraid, fearful, fearless |
|
ferfilise |
fertility, fertiliser |
fertile |
|
fit |
fitness |
unfit, misfit |
|
fly |
flight |
|
|
|
foot, footprint, footstep |
|
|
forget |
forgetfulness |
forgetful |
forgetfully |
forgive |
forgivingness |
|
|
form |
formation, deformity |
formative |
formatively |
|
fortune, misfortune |
fortunate, unfortunate |
fortunately, unfortunately |
formalise |
formality |
formal |
formally |
free |
freedom |
free |
freely |
refresh |
refreshment |
fresh |
|
|
frequency, infrequency |
frequent, infrequent |
frequently |
befriend |
friend, friendship |
friendly, unfriendly |
|
furnish |
furniture, furnisher |
furnished, unfurnished |
|
-G-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
generosity |
generous |
generously |
|
gentleness |
gentle |
gently |
|
gold |
golden |
|
govern |
government, governor |
|
|
|
greed |
greedy |
|
|
greed |
greedy |
|
grow |
growth |
|
|
|
guilt |
guilty |
|
-H-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
happiness, unhappiness |
happy, unhappy |
happily, unhappily |
hasten |
haste |
hasty |
hastily |
hate |
hatred, hatefulness |
hateful |
hatefully |
head |
head, headline, headache, heading |
|
|
heal |
health |
healthy, unhealthy |
healthily, unhealthily |
heat |
heat, heater |
hot |
|
heighten |
height |
high |
|
|
hero, heroine, heroism |
heroic |
heroically |
hesitate |
hesitation |
hesitative |
|
hinder |
hindrance |
|
|
|
honesty |
honest, dishonest |
|
|
honour, dishonour |
honourable, dishonourable |
|
|
horizon |
horizontal |
|
|
house, household, housekeeper, housewife |
|
|
|
hunger |
hungry |
hungrily |
-I-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
ice |
icy |
|
identify |
identification |
identified, unidentified |
|
imagine |
image, imagination |
imaginary, imaginative, unimaginative |
imaginarily |
imitate |
imitation |
imitative |
|
|
importance |
important, unimportant |
|
impress |
impression |
impressive |
|
improve |
improvement |
|
|
include |
inclusion |
inclusive |
|
industrialise |
industry, industrialist |
industrial, industrilised |
|
infer |
inference |
|
|
influence |
influence |
influential |
|
inform, misinform |
information |
informative, uninformative |
|
injure |
injury |
|
|
|
innocence |
innocent |
|
inquire |
inquiry |
|
|
insure |
insurance |
|
|
intellectualise |
intellect, intellectual |
intellectual |
|
intend |
intention |
intentional, unintentional |
|
interest disinterest |
interest, disinterest |
uninterested, uninteresting |
|
interpret |
interpretation |
|
|
interrupt |
interruption |
|
|
interrogate |
interrogation |
interrogative |
|
introduce |
introduction |
|
|
invent |
invention |
inventive |
|
invite |
invitation |
|
|
-J-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
jealousy |
jealous |
|
|
joy |
joyous, joyful |
|
|
juice |
juicy |
|
judge, misjudge |
judge, justice |
just, unjust |
just |
justify |
justification |
|
|
-K-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
know |
knowledge |
knowledgeable |
|
-L-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
laugh |
laughter |
laughable |
|
lead, mislead |
leader, leadership |
|
|
legalise |
legality, illegality |
legal, illegal |
legally, illegally |
lend |
loan |
|
|
lengthen |
length |
long |
|
lessen |
less |
|
|
lighten |
light, lighter, lighthouse, lightness |
light |
|
|
literature, literacy, illiteracy |
literary, literate, illiterate |
|
live |
life |
live, lively, alive |
|
|
loneliness, aloneness |
lonely, alone |
|
lose |
loss |
|
|
loosen |
looseness |
loose |
|
|
loyalty, disloyalty |
loyal, disloyal |
|
|
luck |
lucky |
luckily |
-M-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
maintain |
maintenance |
|
|
manage, mismanage |
management, mismanagement, manager, manageress |
managerial, manageable, unmanageable |
|
marry |
marriage |
|
|
|
mountain, mountaineer |
mountainous |
|
measure |
measurement |
measurable |
measurably |
|
mechanic, mechanism |
mechanical |
|
memorise |
memory, memo |
memorial |
|
modernise |
modernisation, modernity |
modern |
|
modify |
modification |
|
|
moralise |
morality, immorality |
moral, immoral |
|
|
mother, motherhood |
motherly |
|
|
mountain, mountaineer |
mountainous |
|
multiply |
multiplication |
multiple |
|
|
mystery |
mysterious |
|
-N-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
nationalize |
nation, nationality |
national |
|
naturalise |
nature |
natural, unnatural |
|
necessitate |
necessity |
necessary, unnecessary |
necessarily, unnecessarily |
neglect |
negligence |
negligible, negligent |
negligibly |
unnerve |
nerve |
nervous |
nervously |
|
noise |
noisy |
noisily |
notice |
noticeable, unnoticed |
notice |
noticeably |
-O-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
obey, disobey |
obedience, disobedience |
obedient, disobedient |
|
object |
objection, objectivity |
objective, objectionable, unobjectionable |
objectionably |
oblige, obligate |
obligation |
obligatory |
|
observe |
observation, observant, observatory |
|
|
|
occasion |
occasional |
|
occupy |
occupation, occupant |
|
|
officiate |
office, officer, official |
official, unofficial |
|
omit |
omission |
|
|
operate |
operation |
|
|
originate |
origin, originality |
original |
|
own |
owner, ownership |
|
|
-P-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
pack |
packet, package |
|
|
part |
part, partner, particle |
partial |
|
|
patience, impatience |
patient, impatient |
|
pay |
payment, payee |
payable, unpaid |
|
|
peculiarity |
peculiar |
|
permit |
permission |
permissive |
|
|
person, personlity |
personal, impersonal |
|
perceive |
perception |
perceptive, unperceptive |
|
perfect |
perfection |
perfect, imperfect |
|
perform |
performance |
|
|
|
permanence, permanency |
parmanent |
|
persuade |
persuasion |
persuasive, unpersuasive |
|
please |
pleasure, displeasure |
pleasurable |
|
|
plenty |
plentiful |
|
|
politics, politician |
political |
|
|
poison |
poisounous |
|
popularise |
popularity, unpopularity |
popular, unpopular |
|
populate |
population |
|
|
|
poverty |
poor |
|
possess |
possession, possessor |
possessive |
|
post |
postage |
postal |
|
|
possibility, impossibility |
possible, impossible |
possibly, impossibly |
|
practicality, practicability |
practical, impractical, practicable, impracticable |
|
practise |
practice, practitioner |
|
|
prefer |
preference |
preferable |
preferably |
present |
presence |
present |
|
preserve |
preservation |
preservative |
|
press |
pressure |
|
|
prevent |
prevention |
preventive |
|
|
pride |
proud |
|
imprison |
prison, prisoner, imprisonment |
|
|
|
probability, improbability |
probable, improbable |
probably, improbably |
produce |
production, product, producer |
productive, unproductive |
|
|
profession |
professional, unprofessional |
|
profit |
profit |
profitable, unprofitable |
profitably, unprofitably |
pronounce, mispronounce |
pronunciation, mispronunciation |
|
|
propose |
proposal |
|
|
protect |
protection |
protective |
|
prove, disprove |
proof, disproof |
|
|
publicise |
publicity |
public |
|
|
punctuality |
punctual |
|
punish |
punishment |
|
|
purify |
purify, impurify |
pure, impure |
|
-Q-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
qualify |
qualification |
qualified, disqualified |
|
quarrel |
quarrel |
quarrelsome |
|
-R-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
rapidity, rapidness |
rapid |
rapidly |
realise |
realisation, reality, realist |
real, unreal, realistic, unrealistic |
|
|
reason |
reasonable, unreasonable |
reasonably, unreasonably |
receive |
receiver, receipt, recipient, reception, receptionist |
receptive, unreceptive |
|
recognise |
recognition |
recognisable, unrecognisable |
|
recommend |
recommendation |
|
|
reduce |
reduction |
|
|
reflect |
reflection |
|
|
regret |
regret |
regrettable, regretful |
regrettably |
regularise |
regularity, irregularity |
regular, irregular |
|
refer |
reference, referee, referent |
referent |
|
refuse |
refusal |
|
|
relieve |
relief |
|
|
|
religion |
religious, unreligious |
|
repeat |
repetition |
repeatable, unrepeatable |
|
reside |
residence, resident |
residential |
|
resign |
resignation |
|
|
respect |
respect, respectability, disrespect |
respectful, respectable, unrespectable |
respectably, respectfully |
respond |
response |
|
|
|
responsibility, irresponsibility |
responsible, irresponsible |
responsibly, irresponsibly |
enrich |
richness |
rich |
|
rob |
robber, robbery |
|
|
|
romance |
romantic, unromantic |
romantically |
roughen |
roughness |
rough |
|
|
royalty |
royal |
|
-S-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
sadden |
sadness |
sad |
|
satisfy |
satisfaction, dissatisfaction |
satisfied, unsatisfied, satisfactory, unsatisfactory |
|
save |
safety, safe |
safe, unsafe |
|
|
scarcity |
scarce |
|
|
scene, scenery |
scenic |
|
|
science, scientist |
scientific |
scientifically |
|
season |
seasonal |
|
secure |
security |
secure, insecure |
|
select |
selection |
selective |
|
sense |
sense |
sensation, sensitive, insensitive, senseless, sensible, insensible, sensational |
|
separate |
sepatation |
separate, separable, inseparable |
|
serve |
service, servant |
|
|
|
shade |
shady |
|
shame |
shame |
shameless, ashamed, shameful |
|
sharpen |
sharpness |
sharp |
|
shorten |
shortage |
short |
|
sign |
signature |
|
|
|
silence |
silent |
|
|
similarity, dissimilarity |
similar, dissimilar |
|
simplify |
simplicity |
simple |
simply |
situate |
situation |
|
|
|
sincerity |
sincere |
|
sleep |
sleep, sleeper |
sleepy, sleepless, asleep |
sleepily |
slip |
slip, slipper |
slippery |
|
smooth |
smoothness |
smooth |
|
soften |
softness |
soft |
|
solve |
solution |
|
|
|
sorrow |
sorry sorrowful |
|
speak |
speech |
speechless |
|
spell, misspell |
spelling, misspelling |
|
|
stabilize |
stability, instability |
stable, unstable |
|
state |
statement |
|
|
|
stone |
stony |
|
stop |
stopper, stoppage |
|
|
straighten |
straightness |
straight |
|
strengthen |
strength |
strong |
|
|
stupidity |
stupid |
|
succed |
success |
successful |
|
|
sun |
sunny, suntanned, sunburned |
|
suffice |
sufficiency |
sufficient, insufficient |
|
support |
support, supporter |
supportive |
|
suspect |
suspect |
suspicious, unsuspicious |
|
sweeten |
seetness |
sweet |
|
systematize |
system |
systematic, unsystematic |
|
sympathise |
sympathy |
sympathetic, unsympathetic |
|
-T-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
talk |
talk |
talkative |
|
taste |
taste, taster, tastefulness, tastelessness |
tasty, tasteful, tasteless |
tastefully, tastelessly |
tend |
tendency |
|
|
thicken |
thickness |
thick |
|
think |
thought |
thoughtful |
|
threaten |
threat |
|
|
tighten |
tightness |
tight |
|
entitle |
title |
|
|
toughen |
toughness |
tough |
|
translate |
translation, translator |
|
|
treat |
treatment |
|
|
|
trouble |
troublesome |
|
|
truth, truthfulness |
true, truthful |
truly |
entrust |
trust, trustee |
trustworthy |
|
|
type |
typical, untypical |
|
type |
typist, typeface, typesetter, typewriter |
typewritten |
-U-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
unite |
union, unit, unity |
|
|
urge |
urgency |
urgent |
urgently |
use |
use, user, usefulness |
useful, useless |
|
-V-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
vacancy |
vacant |
|
vaccinate |
vaccination, vaccine |
|
|
validate |
validity |
valid, invalid |
|
value |
value |
valuable, invaluable |
valuably, invaluably |
vary |
variety, variation, variability |
variable, invariable, various |
variably, invariably |
vibrate |
vibration |
vibrant |
|
|
violence |
violent |
|
|
visibility, invisibility, invisibleness |
visible, invisible |
visibly, invisibly |
visualise |
|
visual |
|
-W-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
wake, awake, awaken |
|
awake |
|
warm |
warmth |
warm |
|
|
wave |
wavy |
|
|
wealth |
wealthy |
|
weaken |
weakness |
weak |
|
weigh |
weight, weightiness |
weightless |
|
widen |
width |
wide, widespread |
|
|
wisdom |
wise, unwise |
|
|
wool |
woollen |
|
work |
work, worker, workshop |
workless |
|
|
worth |
worthless, worthy |
|
-X-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
x-ray |
x-ray |
|
|
-Y-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
youth, young, youngster, youthfulness |
young, younger, youthful |
youthfully |
-Z-
VERB |
NOUN |
ADJECTIVE |
ADVERB |
|
zeal, zealousness, zealot |
zealous |
zealously |
zip, unzip |
zip, zipper, zipfastener |
|
|
|
zoo, zoologist, zoology |
zoological |
|
Nếu bạn muốn tải về, in ra danh sách các word families phổ dụng để tra cứu offline, có thể tham khảo link sau:
👉 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd edition
Ngoài ra, bạn cũng có thể ôn luyện các word families thông qua việc luyện dạng bài Word form theo trình độ A2 và B1 trong chương trình tự học nâng cao trên TAK12.
👉 Luyện chủ điểm Word form theo level A2
👉 Luyện chủ điểm Word form theo level B1
Như vậy trong bài viết này, TAK12 đã cung cấp danh sách các word families phổ biến thường dùng. Thông thuộc các từ có trong danh sách này, kết hợp với hiểu am hiểu các thành phần của câu để xác định được đúng từ loại cần dùng, sẽ vừa giúp bạn dễ dàng chinh phục các bài word fomation khó nhằn, vừa có khả năng uyển chuyển hơn khi nói hoặc viết các câu tiếng Anh.
[%Included.TAK12%]